Analysis Of Groundwater Characteristics In Cold Area Of ​​Yakutsk Region, Russia

Cold region is one of the important geographic divisions in our country. Half area in China can be classified as cold region. 65% of the territory is occupied by permafrost in Russia where the delimited cold region is larger than in our country. According to the relative position with layer of frozen soil, groundwater in cold regions is subdivided into suprapermafrost water, intrapermafrost water, subpermafrost water.Particularly, Because of being close to the ground surface, the suprapermafrost water is more obviously influenced by surface runoff and climate and human activities.In this paper, groundwater characteristics were analyzed about the world’s largest city on permafrost---Yakutsk which lies in the northeast Siberia near the North pole. According to the analyzation, author drew some conclusion with three figs which are the Fig of Hdrogeololgy in Sakha Republic, the Fig of Groundwater Resources in Sakha Republic and the Fig of Geothermy in Sakha Republic. Meanwhile, the author described the problems caused by unreasonable using of groundwater in process of developing city, including soil salinization, swampness, waterlogging in city and permafrost degradation.The author analyzed their influence to the city construction and development. To solve these problems, the author suggested to build a complex drainage system which is scientific, effective and the system should be based on characteristics of water immigration in frozen soil, formation and dynamic rules of suprapermafrost water.