Based On The Rice Futures Market Perspective To Explore The Development Of Rice Industry In China

Rice is one of the most main grain crops in the world, which has the largest planting area in the world, about150million hectares, accounting for11%of the world’s arable land. Rice is also one of three major grain crops in our country. For a long time, rice is China’s first major food, which has the largest planting area, output, arable land. For decades, rice has been in a dominant position for food production and consumption in our country, except in2012.Market economy developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, the agricultural products market is basically the market as the leading factor, using the automatic regulation of market mechanism to promote the flow of resources and maintain market efficiency. But the development of unified agricultural products market in China is slow. With many years of reform and opening up, and the advancement of marketization agricultural market continuously open, but our agricultural products market has not yet form a unified, competitive and orderly market, the rice market is no exception. Although our country has gradually opened up food market since2004, but the Chinese rice’s minimum acquisition of public bidding, reserves, and other basic macroeconomic regulation and control policy, has dominated rice prices, leading to price support purchasing policy is embarrassed, and domestic price is much higher than international prices, and the emergence of other similar phenomenon.Commodity futures market is advanced form of market system, and have certain inherent connection between the spot market. The futures market in the United States and other developed countries has experienced from the concentration of sight spot transaction, forward contracts, to produce futures trading. Such a natural process can be said to be the true sense of "market demand" created "market supply. And the development of futures market in China, although also can say that the product of development of commodity production, but what exactly is that in commodity economy development level is not high, insufficient spot market development, construction is still in the continuous improvement of the market economy and under the background of excessive steadily, and draw lessons from the experience of developed countries to establish on the basis of the futures market, is a kind of leap-forward development, is a kind of compulsory system change. Although the development of futures market in China can be said is the product of development of commodity production. Precisely, the development of futures market in China is under the background of commodity economy development level is not high, spot market development is insufficient, the market economy construction is still in the continuous improvement, and based on the experience of the developed countries to establish the futures market. In a sense, this process is a kind of leap-forward development, is also a kind of compulsory system change.This article is under the background of the spot market for agricultural products development in our country still is not perfected, and the futures market’s leap-forward development.From the two basic functional of rice futures market to explore the development of China’s rice spot market, mainly the following conclusions. First, the lowest price and reserve for measures to effectively protect the interests of farmers, promote the development of grain production, to ensure national food security, but also appeared some problems, such as the palm effect, is not conducive to the formation of the real market price, caused the Chinese rice prices has strong independence, forming the phenomenon such as s domestic price is much higher than international prices. Second, although total supply and demand roughly balanced, rice varieties, regional structural imbalances has become the main characteristic of grain supply and demand contradiction in China, and has increased in recent years. Third, relative to the buyer, the seller who was represented by farmers has more monopoly power, the minimum purchase price policy implementation main body is relatively single, mainly in grain storage of state-owned grain enterprise, easy to cause the phenomenon such as a breeding ground for corruption, rent-seeking. Fourth, the market infrastructure is relatively backward, the imperfection of transport facilities, the Internet penetration rate is relatively low, not only cause lowly logistics transport efficiency,the high cost, but also not conducive to the rapid transfer of information.As a result, May be the main innovation is reflected in the following two points. First, since the rice futures market, there was only a little comprehensive quantitative research about the actual function of the level of rice futures market function, based on predecessors’ research methods about other futures varieties, I will play comprehensive quantitative analysis on the two basic functional of rice futures market. Second, about the development of rice industry in China was basically focused on the input and output, price formation mechanism. Here, combining with the theory development of futures market and spot market relations, from the degree of functional rice futures market analysis of the rice spot market in our country to explore and improve the policy Suggestions of rice industry in China.