| Logistics, as the third source of profits, is becoming more and more increasinglycritical in the competition of the chain enterprises. And the distribution system is thebasic guarantee for chain enterprises. The response speed and the cost of thedistribution system are directly connected with the earnings of enterprises. So theefficient distribution services can significantly improve the benefits of chainenterprises and reduce the logistics cost to a certain extent. Consequently, it has apractical significance to have a plan and study on the distribution system of chainenterprises.The distribution system of chain enterprises is a particular form ofcomprehensive logistics to ensure the supply of the sales of the chain stores. And it isalso the product of the organic combination of "sort" and "send". There are mainlythree decision-making problems included in the chain enterprise distribution system:facility location, inventory control and vehicle routing, which are closely related andrestrained each other and respectively belonging to the strategy layer, tactical layerand operation layer of doing business, thus having benefits antinomy relationships.Distribution center is a hub of transit of the distribution system, connecting withthe headquarters of the chain enterprises and various chain stores. And facilitylocation problems affect the service capacity of delivery, determining the distributionefficiency of chain enterprises to a certain extent. Also the demand uncertaintyrequires the existence of the inventory. Inventory enables enterprises to controlpurchases or sales strategy discretionarily, thus avoiding the unnecessary inventorycost and the economic loss due to insufficient inventory. And the specific routeselection in the process of distribution is related to the operating cost of a company.So choosing reasonable transportation routes can reduce the invalid displacement,saving cost for the enterprises.Nowadays integrated logistics has become a new trend in the development oflogistics. The positioning-transport route arrangement problem in the integratedlogistics environment is an important research issue. These problems can be describedas follows: a series of clients point locations and demands have been known and thenumber and positioning of the potential facilities have been given, thus determining the number and position of facilities serving customers points under the condition ofsatisfying certain constraints. At the same time, transport routes from the potentialfacilities point and its corresponding customer point have been given and the totaltarget usually makes the cost minimum. Certainly the total cost includes theconstruction cost of facilities, operation cost, vehicle fixed cost and transportationcost etc.The basic purpose of distribution system is the pursuit of the lowest total costand the largest customer satisfaction. This paper based on the operation characteristicsand existing problems of the current chain enterprises, studies the site selectionproblems and location routing problems of distribution centers from the point of theview of the integrated logistics system.First of all, this paper introduced the background and significance of the research,therefore，discussed and explained the necessity of thesis research in detail.Secondly, it expounded the related basic theory, discussed the concept and modelof location-routing problems, referenced domestic and foreign experts and scholarswho researched on location-routing problem, and established the mathematical modelof multiple distribution centers location-routing problems considered the inventory.What’s more, this paper solved the model through the two stage combination heuristicalgorithm.Finally, empirical research through analysis the distribution status of ChangchunEurasia chain supermarket, using the proposed model and algorithm to optimize thedistribution system of Eurasia chain supermarket, the relevant conclusions show thatthe model is proposed. The theoretical results can provide reference and guidance forthe planning of chain enterprises distribution system. |
