A Study Of Folk Lending In Rural Huizhou Since The Qing Dynasty

Huizhou region remained a lot of borrowing documents,these documents are all original, authentic and contain a lot of detailed data and information, the discovery of them enables the statistical analysis for folk lending, making up the shortage of gazetteers, literature, poets anthology. This paper is intended to take the4Series Volume40"Huizhou documents" whose chief editor is LiuBoshan as the center, use of the IOU and receipts included by "Huizhou documents" to study the folk lending problems in rural Huizhou since the Qing Dynasty.The introduction of this paper provides academic background for my study through the review of academic history. In general, the existed studies about folk lending in rural Huizhou since the Ming Dynasty are only involved when study the book and pawn issues, but there are seldom specialized study of folk lending in rural Huizhou. Some books also use of the IOU and receipts, but it mostly sporadic use, lack of system integrity, has not formed the scale.This paper is divided into five chapters. Chapter one:Through the arrangement and analysis of the IOU and receipts, which are included in Huizhou documents that have also been published, to choose the object of research."Huizhou documents" whose chief editor is LiuBoshan collect a large number of IOU and receipts and they have a variety of forms, at the same time they have a very long time and wide distribution with obvious to households and authenticity. Compared with other Huizhou documents, they have obvious advantages, so this paper chooses them as the research center.Chapter two:This article discusses the folk lending participants in rural Huizhou, to explore the relationship between the parties. Through the collation and analysis of the IOU and receipts, we found that the types of private lending are diverse in Huizhou area, both family, neighbors, old friends and other people in laws, there are the ancestral hall, clubs, shops and other organizations, the latter constantly play the role of lenders identity. At the same time, medium as the third participants, play a important role in lending activities, the social composition and function and why some agreements without medium all are discussed.Chapter three:This paper discusses the folk lending rates to explore the general rules of lending rates in rural Huizhou. Through the statistics of interest analysis, We found that the Huizhou folk lending rates are generally Monthly two points or yearly two points, lower than provisions of the law, thus it has the mutual nature and it’s not usury. At the same time, combined with the specific characteristics of the society of Huizhou, we found that the legal provisions and clan relation are important factors affecting the Huizhou lending interest rates.Chapter four:Through observing the Huizhou rural loan capital flows to explore its use. Through the observation, we found that Huizhou area of lending money not only for meet the needs of people’s basic living such as weddings and funerals, but also for business management of productive consumption. The former ensures the required basic life of the Huizhou people, and the latter promotes the development of production.Chapter five:Through Studying the repayment disputes, to explore the solvents. Huizhou people have strong spirit of reason of the agreement; so they pay attention to the introduction of third party mechanism in the lending relationship at the beginning of loan contract, try to avoid lending disputes as much as possible. Once disputes arise, make full use of heads of their families, township, Wenhui, etc. for the civil mediation. It is well-known that Huizhou people is litigious, so they love to rely on the government for the award, but the result is not optimistic so that they rely on civil mediation at last.