Regional Tourism Environment Bearing Capacity Coupled Perspective Promotion Strategy

Tourism was known as "smokeless industry" with its high investment efficiency at the beginning of its development. Therefore, Tourism was so widely popular and grew up rapidly. In the background of mass tourism, quite lots of scenic spots, tourist attractions and other relevant regions in destination overloaded with concentrated influx of tourists that poured into tourist destination. Then a series of environmental and social issues were caused and tourism sustainable development thus arises at the historic moment. Tourism environmental bearing capacity is one of important indicators to judge whether the tourism got sustainable development, so putting forward strategies for problem areas base on system study on the tourism environmental bearing capacity is of great significance for the sustainable development of regional tourism.Firstly, the paper made a comprehensive analysis of the influencing factors of tourism environmental bearing capacity and its relationship with tourist effect based on the existing research, then rebuilt the system of the concept and composition of tourism environmental bearing capacity. Tourism environmental bearing capacity is comprehensive, while to give it the only amount to determine its comprehensive level is easy to operate but not enough for guiding the reality. Therefore, the article respectively studied each part of tourism environmental bearing capacity, and it has more realistic guiding significance to put forward the coping strategies on the basis of finding problems and weaknesses, and it will improve the comprehensive level of tourism environment bearing capacity finally in an all-round way. Secondly, the ultimate goal of tourist environmental bearing capacity is to fully realize the tourism effect that means the comprehensive implementation of economic benefits, tourist benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits, and tourism environmental bearing capacity and effect should promote each other and develop synchronously. Evaluation of tourism environment bearing capacity should have two parts that includes the quantitative evaluation of tourism environment bearing capacity and the synergy development level of tourism environment bearing capacity and its effect. The article firstly made a study on the quantitative evaluation of every part of tourist environmental bearing capacity, and then analyze the coupling condition between each part of tourism environment bearing capacity and tourist effect base on evaluation all of them. Finally, the article analyzed the problems of tourism environment bearing capacity and systematically put forward the coping strategies to the promotion of the tourism environment bearing capacity base on above research and the relevant data of Qinhuangdao from2005to2011. Main conclusions are as follows:(1) Tourist environmental bearing capacity can not only stay on the level of concerning whether overload, and the ultimate goal of tourist environmental bearing capacity research is tourism effect, so tourism environmental bearing capacity and tourism effect should have a collaborative development. Therefore, the concept and evaluation of tourism environment bearing capacity should effectively integrate into the consideration of tourism effect. Then, the tourism environment bearing capacity itself includes bearing capacity of natural ecological environment, tourism sightseeing environment, supporting facilities environment and social cultural environment. The quantitative evaluation of tourism environmental bearing capacity should consider tourism effect. Coupling coordinative degree is effective means to measure the level of collaborative development between tourism environmental bearing capacity and tourism effect base on the respective evaluation of them.(2) Natural ecological environment capacity of Qinhuangdao overloaded over the years, and it has a increase trend on the whole. The main factors that take effect are tourism traffic, tourism shopping and tourism waste. Tourism sightseeing environment bearing capacity is surplus overall but partial overload. Support facilities environment bearing capacity is fine on average, but often overload in vary degree in the peak season, and the limiting factors include water supply, waste processing power and beds supply. For social cultural environment bearing capacity, residents psychological bearing capacity is overall better than tourists psychological bearing capacity because that tourism can bring a lot of employment opportunities and considerable economic income for local residents, but the local residents especially residents who don’t employ in tourism think that tourism has negative impacts on their daily life and environment, then the level of residents psychological bearing capacity showed a trend of continuous development with obvious trend that slow down. Tourists generally feel crowded, and the psychological bearing capacity is mainly reflected in the form of satisfaction, and it remains to be improved on the number and level of tourism service facilities and the quality and work level of tourism worker and manager.(3) The comprehensive development level of natural ecological environment carrying capacity in Qinhuangdao fluctuated greatly and had a downward trend overall, and the decline was attributed to the ecological deficit increased year by year,while the increase of ecological deficit is due to that tourism ecological footprint grew faster than tourism ecological bearing capacity. The comprehensive development level of tourism effect in Qinhuangdao had a good condition and showed a continuous growing trend throughout the years. The coupling condition between natural ecological environment bearing capacity and tourism effect was worst that they stay in imbalance over the years, which reflected the contradictions between ecological environment and tourism effect. The coupling degree between natural ecological environment bearing capacity and tourism effect improved in recent years but the level was still low. The level of tourism sightseeing environment bearing capacity wavelike rise over the years, and because its level delayed behind tourism effect most of the years, the coupling coordination level between them became coordinated in2010and ultimately achieve good coordination. The level of support facilities environment capacity relatively high before2009, and declined dramatically since2009, but had a upward trend over the past two years. Its coupling condition with tourism effect got barely coordination by2010for the reason that tourism effect developed behind it before2009, and it got primary coordination in2011. Social cultural environment bearing capacity increase on the whole, but the speed showed a gradual slow down trend. Tourism effect developed behind it, and they reached good coordination by2011.