Matching Between Poor Neighborhoods And Residents Living Space Employment

In China’s transition period, new urban poverty problems have been appearedaccompanied by fast city development. The problems mainly include the generationof the poor groups and the emergence of poor neighborhoods. Domestic andinternational classical studies have shown that: dilapidated factory compound,―urbanvillage‖, decaying inner city and security housing have been turned to China’s currentpoor neighborhoods. In the stage of China’s new policies and new situation, studyingpoor neighborhoods residents’ employment situation and its influencing factors is animportant sally way to solve poverty problems. This paper not only provides apractical basis for poverty-related studies, but also enriches the research perspectiveswhen it puts―space‖factors into the study of poverty problems.On the basis of domestic and international empirical researches, and368validsurvey data from7poor neighborhoods (Shang Ma new village, Jin Daoying, eaternHuang Tupo, Zi Jun urban villages, Zijun security housing, Ze Hui Park andHappiness home) in Kunming, we summarized the spatial-match conditions in poorneighborhoods in Kunming by comparative and quantitative analysis; discussed thefactors who affected poor neighborhoods residents’ spatial-match quality by usingmultiple regression analysis; analyzed the type and level of spatial-match quality andits influence in each type of poor neighborhood by interview method. On the premiseof these, we throw out some suggestions.Empirical studies for this paper could be concluded into3points: firstly, it hasnot formed clear spatial mismatch phenomenon in poor neighborhoods in Kunming.However, it will eventually appear spatial mismatch phenomenon in poorneighborhoods in Kunming accompanied by the implementation of reformation inurban villages, the popularity of the new generation of peasant workers, and thefurther implementation of public rental housing. Secondly, there is a spatial-matchphenomenon in urban village and low-rent housing neighborhoods in Kunming if weonly take physical distance into account, but this kind of spatial-match phenomenon is low-level and passive. In public rental housing neighborhoods, however, residents’living-employment physical distances are spatial mismatch, and this kind of mismatchwill become even severe. Thirdly, there is a clear employment segregationphenomenon in poor neighborhoods in Kunming: the representative low-incomegroup who commute on foot or by bicycle and doing small business are mostlyisolated into the vicinity of their communities, due to their subordinate gender, loweducational level and deficient working experience and vehicle possession.The suggestions include3points: firstly, the suggestions for urban villageproblems: To encourage, guide and regulate reasonable informal sectors (mainlypedlars). To actively and stably implement peasant worker’s household registrationsystem reform to make peasant workers really enjoy housing security services. Toadvocate―step-to-step‖model to reform urban villages. To establish job trainingagencies and nonprofit schools in the vicinity of a certain urban village or thegeometric midpoint among (between) adjacent urban villages. Secondly, thesuggestions for low-rent housing problems: To improve residents’ qualificationapplication system for low-rent housing neighborhoods. To establish traininginstitutions, non-profit schools and supporting positions to really improve residents’employment ability. To carry out―low-rent housing neighborhoods low-cost bus‖projects to increase residents’ employment accessibility. Thirdly, the suggestions forpublic rental housing neighborhoods problem: to implement the way of―public rentalhousing neighborhoods low-cost bus‖to reduce commuting costs. To changetraditional site mode for public rental housing neighborhoods, concern residents’living, as well as their employment. To establish large-scale activity center, orinformal sector booth area to enhance the vitality of services around public rentalhousing.