Study On Agricultural Economics And Trade Cooperation Mode Between China And The Five Central-Asian Countries

Agriculture is the foundation of a nation, it is also the basic of cooperation between China and thefive central-Asian countries. Both China and the five central-Asian countries contain rich agriculturalnatural resources, from the total, China is dominant, but from the average amount per capita, the fivecentral-Asian countries get the advantage. The five central-Asian countries remains a more extensive Inagricultural production trade. In addition, due to many historical issues, chemical fertilizer industry and thefarm machinery industry of the five central-Asian countries since independence were not gooddevelopment, this will further restrict agricultural product. In order to address the issue, the five countriesneed rely on the international market or development of the industry.The paper carried on a comprehensive empirical analysis to china and five central-Asian countriesinternational trade in agricultural products, fertilizer, farm machinery with industrial structure similarityindex, relative dependence degree of foreign trade index, degree of trade combination index and tradecomplementary index. The result indicates: In recent years, a larger adjustment of agricultural structure hasbeen made in china and the five central-Asian countries, and Tajikistan、Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan havehigh complementary with China; apart from Uzbekistan, the other countries are deficit countries in theagricultural productions trade. The trade feature shows that products which have high trade complementarybetween China and five central-Asian also have high relative dependence degree of foreign trade foropposite party’s import countries, and agricultural trade led by inter-industry trade; trade complementaryof the five central-Asian countries to China is higher than China to the five central-Asian countries;currently, the trade combination between China and the five central-Asian countries is still not very high;the import relative dependence degree reduces unceasingly in chemical fertilizer product and the farmmachinery product between china and the five central-Asian countries, however the export relativedependence degree rising. Because import of fertilizer products in the five central-Asian countries exceptKazakhstan and Uzbekistan and that of the farm machinery product in the five countries are moredependent on the international market, which makes china and five central-Asian countries in this twotypes have a good complementary. At present, china maybe have a great trade to the five countries in someproducts, but overall, combination of the chemical fertilizer and farm machinery production is still low.For China and the five central-Asian countries, the economic and trade cooperation is the regionaleconomic integration, this integration is both a process and a state, and the mode is the manner or methodused to promote regional economic integration, which ways or methods are either mechanism or practicaloperational, institutional mode and practice mode promote and complement each other. Presently, themechanism models of agricultural trade and economic cooperation between China and the fivecentral-Asian countries are the following: the SCO, the central Asia regional economic cooperationprogram, china-Asia-Europe Expo, border economiccooperation zone, border economic cooperation center, the special economic zone, andcomprehensive Bonded zone. The trade patterns in practice mode can be divided into inter-industry andintra-industry by agricultural productions, according to the stage points it can be divided into the fourpatterns: sub-accounts, barter trade,(barter, exchange, and banknotes) simultaneously, multiple trade,but frontier jot trade penetration throughout. The specific practice mode can also be divided into many patternssuch as: the exchange of agricultural technology, technology-driven investment, ports relying onagricultural products export base, export of agricultural products processing base, the exchange ofagricultural labor, agricultural fairs abroad and foreign aid mode.Agricultural trade and economic cooperation between China and the five central-Asian countries isstill in the primary stage, the various modes of cooperation can be combined with the realities of this regionto learn from the successful experience of other regions. From the present situation, we can draw upon thepreferential benefit trade arrangement and free trading area. There are two ways to establish the free tradearea, one is to build SCO free trade area based on the SCO, the other is to promote central Asian economicunion, and further establish China-Central Asia free trade area. In the inferior region economic integrationadvancement, the following mechanisms can be profit from: growth triangle, border cooperation,cross-border economic cooperation area, the foreign economic cooperation zone. Possible future economicand trade cooperation in agricultural practice mode: import and export base, the goal agglomeration, jointventures with a total build-up, the international farmers’ markets cooperative, the international agriculturaltrade cooperatives, e-commerce, contracts, corporations.