Research On The Problems Of Rural And Urban Employment In China

For a long time, the dual economic structure lead to China’s urban and rural labor market segmentation, and the labor can’t flow freely, causing the imbalance in economic and social development, hinder the whole sustained economic growth. Therefore, to break the dual economic structure and realize the Coordination of urban and rural employment appears particularly important.First of all, We must fully understand the necessity and importance of Coordination of urban and rural employment in China. Coordination of urban and rural employment in the necessity that its universality, is beneficial to increasing farmers’income and promot rural economic development, optimize the industrial structure and achieve optimized allocation of labor. The importance of its particularity, is beneficial to the implementation of scientific outlook on development, promote the construction of harmonious society, and the construction of socialist new countryside, thus deepening the reform of institutional innovation.Secondly, we reviews the tortuous course of development since the founding of China’s urban and rural employment. In the early days, by allowing labor freely, we promote the rapid development of economy.After finished the ownership reform, the planned economy limited the rational flow of labor force, which hindered the economic development. Until the reform and opening up, the establishment of market economy restored the free movement of labour. Therefore, summing up historical experience will co-ordinate urban and rural employment specified in the forward direction.Again, we in-depth analysis of the constraints that hinder the free flow of urban and rural labor. These constraints include institutional constraint, labor quality, the ability of cities to absorb labor, employment policy limits and service mechanism etc. Based on these factors, can we find the root cause of obstructed labor flow, and put forward reasonable suggestions to promote co-ordination of urban and rural employment.Then, We studied the experience of foreign surplus labor from rural to urban areas. Including the UK government leading rural labor transfer effective practice, the United States drive rural labor transfer by industrial development, Japan through formulating development strategy to realize rural labor transfer mode. Summary and draw lessons from these countries, which help us to explore and perfect Chinese characteristics of urban and rural employment road.Finally, in view of the existing problems, we put forward urban and rural employment policy recommendations. To remove barriers to labor mobility, we must reform the household registration system, social security, medical insurance; Improve the absorptive capacity of cities and towns on the labor force and coordination of urban and rural employment supporting measures; ultimately we can establish and improve a unified labor market. Only through the implementation of these reform measures,can we complete the integration of urban and rural employment.