The Research On Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering Algorithm

Wireless sensor network for monitoring the information of specific region is composed of a number of inexpensive wireless sensor nodes in the network coverage area. These nodes are used to collect the interested information. Information is processed and then provides to the end users by single-hop or multi-hop manner. Wireless sensor network has changed the traditional way of information collection, closely connected between people and objects, the objects and objects, broaden the way of human cognition the nature. Wireless sensor networks are usually distributed remote environment which is very bad and even humans can’t be close to the dangerous. The number of nodes is very large, the node’s carry energy is limited and unable to replenish energy. So the energy of sensor nodes is the biggest bottleneck problems restricting the development of wireless sensor networks. At the same time, in order to achieve a certain degree of coverage, the way of dense deployment is often used. Its main advantage is to reduce the large empty regions exist, prolong the survival time of the network overall, but there are also regional node number is not uniform and some redundant nodes in region.This paper firstly introduces the related concepts of wireless sensor network and routing protocol of wireless sensor network. The typical routing protocols are classified and compared. On the basis of summarizing the existing routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, the research focuses on non-uniform clustering algorithm, we proposed Density-based Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering routing algorithm and Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering routing algorithm.Density-based Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering routing algorithm used node density parameters to select the nodes in the dense regions, and the node with much remain energy as the cluster head node, thereby balancing cluster energy consumption; calculation of non-uniform clustering radius size, the more intensive competitive cluster head nodes, distance between base station and closer and more small, in order to balance the energy consumption among cluster; when choose the next hop node, nodes in intensive regional are selected as the forwarding nodes as much as possible, so as to balance regional energy consumption. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is verified by simulation experiment.Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering routing algorithm is based on Density-based Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering routing algorithm. Base station decided whether to determine redundant nodes according to the information received. The process can be divided into node localization and redundancy determination. Node location uses the local three nodes measure virtual coordinate positioning algorithm to calculate the positional relationship of the reference nodes and the compute nodes, which is not depend on the nodes location. Redundant determined used the grid division to divide the reference nodes in monitoring area and judge whether the node redundancy, and select the node with much residual energy as the active nodes, redundant nodes into sleep state. To save energy consumption, improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor network. Through OMNET++network simulation experiments show that the effectiveness of the proposed method, can balance the node energy cost, increased the survival time of the network.