Strategies For Energy Optimization And Quality Of Service For Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks is a new network technology which combined with thewireless communication technology and sensor technology, since WSN appeared it hasreceived extensive attention and research of researchers around the world. With thedevelopment of it, WSN has been widely used in many fields.WSN consists of sensor nodes, the energy storage, storage capacity, computing ability arethe limits of the nodes, leading to the problem of saving energy in wireless sensor networkmust be considered, this is the primary design principles, next consider the quality of the datatransmission in the network. Medium Access Control protocols determine the energyconsumption, data throughput, packet loss rate and packet delay. Routing protocol determinesthe transmission efficiency and the energy consumption of nodes. Improvement on the abovetwo aspects can improve the effectiveness of energy and prolong the network lifetime,improve the quality and efficiency of data transmission.Based on the above issues, the main research and work of this paper are as follows:(1) In order to improve the data transmission efficiency and balance the node energyconsumption, according to the insufficient of EEUC (Energy-Efficient Uneven Clustering)routing protocol in competition and frequent clustering, an energy efficient uneven clusteringrouting protocol BR-EEUC (An Uneven Clustering Algorithm with Timing BroadcastStrategy and Cluster Head Rotation Mechanism) is proposed in this paper. This protocoladopts timing broadcast mechanism in the clustering stage, which use the candidate clusterhead residual energy as parameter, the more energy candidate cluster head remaining, the shortwaiting time of broadcast the successful campaign message, reduced the communicationbetween nodes; After the end of each round according to the residual energy of all nodes in thecluster to decide whether to re division of the network, and take the mechanism of cluster headrotation to balance energy consumption of cluster member nodes; The cluster member nodesand cluster head communication directly in the cluster, using the multi hop routing mechanismin inter cluster, the cluster head considering the communication cost and the next hop noderesidual energy when it select the next hop node.(2) In order to guarantee the transmission quality of service, reduce the energyconsumption of idle listening and other factors, according to the TDMA (Time DivisionMultiple Access) scheduling MAC protocol used in LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarch), which has idle listening and data delay caused by the fixed time slotallocation, a protocol DUC-MAC（Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access Based OnUneven Clustering-MAC）based on dynamic time slot scheduling is proposed for unevenclustering network in this paper. Since many of the cluster near the sink node in unevenclustering network, so in the inter cluster, the cluster head using CSMA/CA (Carrier SenseMultiple Access with Collision Avoidance) communication mechanism, using existing data ofcluster member nodes as parameters to distribute the time slot dynamically, the aim is toreduce the delay and save energy.(3) The protocol simulation experiments are carried out on the platform of OMNeT++.Simulation results show that the BR-EEUC protocol can better save and balance the energyconsumption of the node, and prolong the network life cycle. The protocol of DUC-MAC notonly reduces the average data delay also reduce the energy consumption of the node.