Research On3D Building Reconstruction From2D Vector Floor Plan Based On Structural Components Recognition

Reconstructing3D building models from2D vector floor plancan supportapplications such as photorealistic rendering, building assessment. Analyzing thetopological and semantic information of spaces can also supportnavigationthroughvirtual3Denvironments and fire evacuation system.The method we proposed in this paper can get the topological and semanticinformation of spaces as well as generate3D models very quickly after analyzing2Darchitectural floor plans. The main work includes:(1) The Shape-opening graph (SOG) is introduced to recognize walls and afeedback mechanism based method is proposed to detect columns. First, theconcept of Basic Structural Component is introduced after analyzing thecharacteristics of walls. Then, selecting any of the recognized openings as theinitial node, the SOG is established according to the relationships between theBasic Structural Components. The PPs of each shape added to SOG are walllines.After that, according to the lines overlapping relationships between wallsand columns, the feedback mechanism based method is used to recognizecolumns.The SOG graph generation process is the process of identifying wallsas well as building the topological relationships between walls and openings.(2) Acquiring spatial information based on loops in the drawing.First, a priorityprinciple algorithm is developed to replaceopenings with wall equivalent linesfor the purpose of laterloop searching. Second, in order to ensure that all thesearched loops have semantic meaning, an odd-even-based edge breakingalgorithm is introduced to preprocess wall lines. Then, all the wall line loops inthe drawing can be obtained and the semantic information of each loop can begot.We use a hierarchical component tree to describe the topological relationsof the building.The algorithm improves the following intrusion speed andelevates the recognition results from the geometric level to the semantic level.(3) The3D model can be generated after extruding the loops to the wall height andcutting openings from the walls.We can also construct multi-floor3D modelsafter analyzing the2D architectural drawing of its floors by matching their axes in the drawing. Every floor is aligned to the first floor by matching their axes inthe drawing. The reconstruction algorithm expands the scope of floor plansfrom one layer to multi-layers.