Analysis On Recent Changes Of Surface Water Resources Of The Ulungur Lake Based On RS Technology

In the case of the tension on global water resource, the impact of meteorologicalfactors on hydrology and water resources has been gets a lot of attention. In recentyears, due to climate change, for the lake which more sensitive to climate change,surface water resources in the arid inland lake as Ulungur lake watershed affected bya lot. Using the meteorological data (mainly the temperature, precipitation), basicgeographic data,2002-2011time series of Landsat TM, ETM+images andMODIS/Terra+Aqua MCD43A4remote sensing products, extract the informationof different types of surface water resources in Ulungur lake watershed and theglacier in the Altai mountains by comprehensive applied RS and GIS technology.Also use Fragstats4.0platform, draw support from landscape ecology theories andmethods, quantitatively analyzed the dynamics of surface water resources in Ulungurlake watershed and the interannual variability of solid glacier resources condition inAltai mountains. Based on the above research results and previous research, analyzedspatial and temporal variations of surface water resources of Ulungur lake watershedin10years. Explore the impact of Altai Mountains glacier to the two river basinsurface water resources on space and time scale, landscape, and interaction betweenmeteorological factors, glacier and surface dynamic water. Research mainly drawsthe following conclusions:Period dynamic water in a river basin in general is on the rise, increased watersduring the study period with a total area of57.91km~2, increase area mainly comesfrom the lake area and the reservoir area,2011lakes and reservoir area of1044.33km~2and196.27km~2, respectively than in2002increased16.67km~2and101.79km~2; Marsh wetlands and pits the area of wetland change in some ups and downs,from2002to2011, in the area of35.91km~2and24.27km~2; Perspective From thecharacteristics of the landscape pattern, fragmentation of lakes and reservoirs is low,fragmentation of marsh wetlands, rivers and pits is high.From the characteristics of glacier system structure in Altai Mountains, duringthe period of2002-2011, glacier area in prior5a is less than glacier area in last5a.Glacier area of June2, reduction in volatility,1074.5km~2area reduced in10years,number of130patches reduced, reducing area of the glacier account for11.86%ofthe2002. Within the year from August21to June2, melting glacier are reaches12364km~2in2010, reduced patch number reaches185, melting glacier are accountfor90.17%of the area on June2;2004ablation area is5952km~2, the increasenumber of patches is130, the ablation area account for64.38%of the area on June2. Comparing meteorological factors and characteristics of the changes in glacierarea in Altai Mountains, response relationships of meteorological factors to glacierchanges，Also response the background of meteorological factors change, the impactof the glacier change to water resources in Ulungur lake watershed. Under thebackground of meteorological factors change, as the glaciers reduced the volume ofsolid water, Ulungur lake watershed present cold wet climate change trend, thetemperature fell slightly, precipitation increase; Altai glacier generally showed atrend of fluctuations in the retreat, glacier area decreases, and glacier reserves decline,which in turn causes the glacier melt water is increased. To rely mainly on glacierand snow melt water runoff recharge of inland lakes, reduce melting water can leadto water supply shortage, so the lake area is shrinking in2009to the lowest levelduring the study period.2008climate appears dry phenomenon, namely precipitationappeared extremely low; the decreasing of precipitation and temperature rise led tolack of the water resources; Dry and warm climate increased the evaporation ofwetland area, glacier area contracted sharply.