Study On Dynamic Power Management Mechanism Of Node In WSNs

With the continuous development of the application fields of Wireless SensorNetworks, the problem of energy consumption is more and more concerned byresearchers. Due to the energy of sensor nodes is usually supplied by energy-limitedbattery, and it is difficult to replenish node energy because of the impact of the workenvironment and a large number of nodes and other factors, so the energyconsumption problem is one of the most critical constraints for the entire wirelesssensor network design. The wireless sensor network is an application-related andself-organizing network, and different application environments have differentrequirements to sensor networks. For sensor networks applies to emergent eventmonitoring, the energy loss of the nodes can be reduced by using dynamic powermanagement thinking where the component units of node are not necessary to keepnormal working state all the time, and can be switched to low power state if no eventsoccur. Therefore, in order to reduce the energy consumptionof sensor nodes, the studyof efficient dynamic power management mechanism is essential.Firstly, this paper respectively discusses the present research status at home andabroad for dynamic power management technology of the sensor node, furthermore,the sensor node structure and the power consumption of the component units isin-depth analysised. Then, the energy-saving mechanisms of dynamic voltage scaling(DVS) and dynamic modulation scaling (DMS) are further studied for the informationprocess unit and information transmission unit of the sensor nodes, and from the pointof view of the sensor network level, some energy-saving ways and methods on thephysical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer and application layer aresimple introduced.Subsequently, this paper further studies Dynamic power management (DPM)mechanism for the entire wireless sensor network node system. The main researchcontents include the division of the working state of the wireless sensor networks node,the settings method of minimum time threshold of node working state transition, andthe strategy of waking up nodes.Finally, the paper proposes the mechanism of dynamic power management based onhybrid automaton model for wireless sensor networks node. On the basis of theoriginal study, the working state of the sensor node is divided into four kinds, and theworking state transition model of node that based on the hybrid automata isestablished under forest fire monitoring application environment. The modelcomprehensively considers two environmental factors of temperature and relativehumidity, and the working state to which the sensor node should switch is determinedby judging whether the environmental variables meet the jump conditions. Meanwhile,the model takes into account the node residual energy to improve the equilibrium of node energy. Simulation results show that the mechanism of node dynamic powermanagement can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the sensor nodes,especially when the probability of occurrence of the fire is less than50%, itsenergy-saving effect is more significant.