Sparse Antenna Array Synthesis Using Matrix Pencil Method

The question of nonuniform antenna array synthesis with fewer number ofelements for a desired beam pattern has long been a problem both practical andtheoretical significance being the subject of concern. From the expression of the arraydirection, it can be seen that the element excitation is linear relationship with the arraypattern, so to synthesize the excitation is linear consolidated; however, the position andphase of the array element is a non-linear. The synthesis of nonuniform array elements’positions, excitations and phases is a complicated nonlinear problem which contains anumber of decision variables.The array optimization technique is discussed in the dissertation, the aim of thetechnique is to use as few elements as possible to meet the characteristics of thepre-pattern, which is to optimize the elements’ location excitation and phase.In this dissertation, matrix pencil method and matrix enhancement and matrixpencil are used to design the sparse antenna arrays, the main work and contributioninclude the following several aspects:1. The basic theory of matrix pencil method and matrix enhancement and matrixpencil are introduced, then the signal model dealing with signal processing isdetailed analyzed, and the optimization antenna array model is given.2. Matrix pencil method is used to optimize the special linear array pattern-pencilbeam pattern, this method can optimize the uniform and non-uniform spaced array,and it can carry out further optimization on the basis of other optimization.3. Using matrix pencil method will not be able to achieve the desired results forgenerally shaped beam pattern, a new method called forward-backward matrixpencil method is proposed on the basis of matrix pencil method. This methodutilizes the special structure of the matrix to constrain the distribution of the poles,which can accurately reconstruct the expected shaped beam pattern.4. The separable planar array is optimized using matrix pencil method, the separableplanar array is a special case of the planar array, its pattern is the product of twolinear array. Firstly optimize the two linear array using matrix pencil method respectively, then by multiplying the two sparse linear array pattern, we can get thesparse planar pattern. This method can only guarantee the best features of the twomain plane direction.5. Sparse planar array is synthesized using matrix enhancement and matrix pencil,which can guarantee the best characteristics of all sides of the pattern. The keytechnologies include constructing enhanced matrix using the sampled data andpairing the poles using ESPRIT method. The simulation results are compared withthe uniformly spaced planar array, which proves the rapidity and effectiveness ofthe method.