Localization Technology Research Based On RFID

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the use of a wireless non-contact systemthat uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached toan object, for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. With thedevelopment and application of RFID technology, RFID technology research in itemstracking and localiazion gets attention of scholars at home and abroad more extensively.Therefore, It’s very necessary to try new RFID tags localization methods to improveobjects positioning accuracy, especially in the field of logistics and warehousemanagement. Most object localization methods based on RFID cost lots of money andthe RFID readers deployment is an awful trouble. In this thesis, the advantages anddisadvantages of predecessors’ methods of object localizaion based on RFID areanalyzed. Then a RFID localization system is designed and implemented using a singleRFID reader to detect and locate RFID tags. At last, the results of using the RFIDlocalization system to detect RFID tags position are analyzed. This thesis focus on theresearche and works as the following:First, the basic knowledge of stepper motor how it works and how to control isintroduced. Then design the mechanical structure of X-Y mobile platform whichincludes how the X-Y mechanical platform works, the purchase of mechanical element,some key mechanical components design and machining, assembly of X-Y mechanicalplatform, installment of stepper motor and its drive and wiring.Second, the hardware and the software of the RFID localization system areintroduced. The software includes the program of microcontroller and host PC. Thehardware involves schematic design, purchase of electronic components, circuit boardwoald and debug, transferment the program into MCU. The software involves design ofserial communication protocol, MCU program, the C#program on the host PC.Third, using the RFID localization system to detect RFID tags position and analyzethe results of experiments. First of all, the coverage problem that how to achieveseamless coverage in the two-dimensional surface with RFID reader propagation modelis researched. After this, using the RFID localization system to detect RFID tags position.With the experiment results, the system are analyzed in the aspects of positionaccuracy, the moving speed and the time consume scanning the whole target coverageregion.At last this thesis proposes some advices of this RFID localization system.The experiment proves that the RFID localization system can localize tags positionroughly. The system’s manipulation is simple and costs little money. To some extent, ithas some value in the practical application.