The Formula Design Of Environmental Friendly Detergent And The Research Of Textile Cleaning Technology

Historical silks are important elements in the Chinese ancient civilization and of great value in art, science and history. However, in the process of bury, they were easily contaminated because of the contact with decayed corpses, bronze ware, wood or something else. So, the contaminations of blood, protein, fat, aerugo and starch are easy to be found in the historical textiles which are excavated from the tombs. As one kind of natural non-ionic surfactant, tea saponin is environment friendly and has high performance. It was extracted from oil-tea camellia seed cake. It has good functions, such as emulsification, decentralize, foaming and wetting. This study designs a treatment by using tea saponin with the support of various kinds of enzyme and cleaning agents to remove the contaminations on the historical silks.The silk fabrics were contaminated by blood, organic matter, rust, crystallize, soil and mould respectively. After that, the contaminated silk fabrics were aged with the ultraviolet and ozone to prepare the succedaneum of the historical silks. And then, the aged silks were treated by the solutions with different concentration of the reagents. The best formula could be determined by using the spectrophotometer to test the color differences of the samples before and after the removal treatment. The effectiveness and safety of the removal treatment with the best treatment were studied by SEM-EDS, FTIR and mechanical behavior study.Through the test, we find that the removing formulas were effective and safe. After the removal treatment, the contaminations were removed successfully. There is even no contamination residual. Besides, the silk repossessed the soft and there was no change in the silk fiber. The fiber was not broken and the structure was not change, too.This series of removal treatments were applied to the silk relics which suffered from contamination and the contamination was removed successfully. The silk relics include Ming Dynasty robe with moire and big sleeve and some silks from Qianlong garden. This study provided an effective and safe guide for the contamination removing.