Research On Key Management Schemes Based On EBS In Wireless Sensor Networks

WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) are the sensor networks constructed with alarge amount of communicable, sensory and data-processing sensor nodes in aself-organizing manner, which are widely used in highly-open and relatively complexsituations such as military detection, environmental monitoring, emergency responseand urban management. Meanwhile, WSNs’ physical environments cannot be controlleddue to their openness, complexity and physical features, so this makes sensor nodesprone to be attacked and thus easily leak the important information being sent. Thesecurity issues of wireless sensor networks are increasingly important along with theexpansion of their application fields, especially the most basic and critical issue of keymanagement.Because sensors only have limited energy, some base stations, responsible for thecommunication between sensor nodes and receivers, are added to WSNs in order tomake sensors collect data more effectively. In the base-station communication model ofWSNs, the base station, served as the “brain”, not only monitors the inter-sensorcommunication, but also ensures the execution of tasks such as error-checking,error-correcting and error-eliminating of the summarized information. In the domesticand overseas research, the security and complexity of the inter-sensor-nodecommunication are always in mutual contradiction, which means encryption algorithmswith high security usually require more communication overhead.This paper will explore a new key management solution with the motive of savingcommunication overheads of base-stations or nodes and improving WSNs’ security inorder to make the research achievements more pertinent and practical.The obtained results in this paper are described in detail as follows:1) A key predistribution solution based on EBS and RKP-DE was proposedIn consideration of the problems such as WSNs’ connectivity, recoverability andcommunication efficiency, this paper presents a key distribution solution based on EBS(Exclusion Basis System) and RKP-DE (Random Key Predistribution-NetworkDecoupling). In this solution, firstly, the key pool is grouped dynamically by the theoryof combinatorics to make nodes in each group have the common key intersection, thusWSNs can have a high connectivity rate or full connectivity through one hop ormultiple hops at the key-establishing phase. Secondly, the network decoupling strategy is adopted to divide WSNs into physical transfer link networks and logical encryptionpath networks, and separate the information transfer process from the informationencryption process to greatly reduce the times of unnecessary encryptions anddecryptions and improve the internode communication efficiency. Finally, it showsthrough simulation that this key predistribution solution can have less communicationoverheads.2) A kind of grouping and Layered encryption algorithm was proposedIn the traditional base-station communication model, generally a way based onHamming code or MDS is adopted to encode, encrypt and verify information, and thesekey management strategies greatly increase the burden of encryption and decryption ofnodes or base-stations and thus reduce communication efficiency. This paper presents acompletely novel grouping and Layered encryption algorithm which abandons thetraditional complex process of encryption and decryption based on Hamming code orMDS. This algorithm hierarchically encrypts the communication information throughtwo keys selected randomly by the grouping key, so that it not only ensurescommunication security but also improves transfer efficiency.3) An algorithm for error-checking, error-eliminating and error-correcting of basestations was proposedThe detection and elimination of the captured nodes have always been the concernof WSNs. To address this problem, this paper presents a completely novel algorithmfor the error-checking, error-eliminating and error-correcting of base stations. Thisalgorithm is based on a grouping and Layered encryption strategy. First, it verifies thedegree of security of the received information by the value categories of summarizedinformation and thus find out whether the information is available; secondly, based onthe abovementioned EBS-GL key management strategy, it makes use of a few keys thatare not possessed by the captured nodes to encrypt the updated information that’sgenerated randomly by the base station and build the updated key information; finally, iteliminates the captured node or the key under two alternatives by adopting a multi-pathtransfer strategy.