| Fraction is a very important part of mathematics study in primary school. Fraction is a major constituent element of number concept, and it is a key link for the expansion of number system, and it plays a foreshadowing role in rational number and algebraic fraction learning in junior high school. It isn’t only a place which mathematical thinking enter into students’mind, but also is a starting in which mathematics learning faces real difficulties. fraction has a long history. fraction theory held a significant role in Chinese ancient mathematics,<Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art> is the most early book stated fraction operation systematically in the world, fraction’s developing had reached a relatively mature level at that time, it almost is in accord with modern fraction operation. Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece had also researched fraction, the Egyptians especially loved unit fraction, some problems produced unit fraction haven’t be solved now.According to consult related articles and books, I find fraction researches mainly include the following aspects:the nature of fraction, unit fraction, fraction multiplication, fraction division, fraction pedagogy and comparative study of fraction text. So my article mainly has did the following works:1.My article mainly have used investigation and document analysis method, and I test three primary schools containing309students in Chengdu city in according to requires of fraction study ruled curriculum standards, test contains fraction operation, understanding about fraction nature, understanding about truth including fraction operation and fraction application. Meanwhile, I have tested the credibility and validity of the research to ensure the reliability of testing. The study result shows that students have no problem in fraction operation, and have wrong understanding about fraction nature, and have no in-depth understanding about truth including fraction operation, and have a lot of difficulties in fraction application.2. Analysing the result of research, I find there are three reasons about difficulty of fraction study. First is a wanting propaedeutics, second is the obstacle of cognitive structure, third is the low self-concept. The second reason is the most important among the three reasons, because fraction is distinct from natural number, and students must recombinate previous cognitive structure and construct new cognitive structure to accommodate fraction, this is very difficult.3. Combining cognitive theory and the theory of the zone of proximal development, I put forward several suggestions about fraction pedagogy. I have detailed statement by combining specific teaching contents:variable unitl, why the denominator can’t be0, fraction as a number, the relation of fraction percentage and decimal. |
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