Moral Paradox "should" The Significance Of The Study

Deontic logic is a branch of philosophical logic that is concerned with ought, permission, and related concepts. A deontic logic is a formal system that attempts to capture the essential logical features of these concepts. Since the establishment of the standard deontic logic, it faces many paradoxes, such as the Ross’s paradox, the paradox of commitment, the good Samarian paradox and the paradox of contrary-to-duty imperative and so on. Under the background of rapid philosophical logic development, logicians have established various systems of deontic logic, but the deontic paradoxes still have not be resolved. Due to the emergence of deontic paradoxes have a very close relationship with the meaning of the deontic words in natural language, by introducing the theoretical linguists Kratzer’s modal semantic theory based on the framework of possible worlds semantics, and the Fintel and Chrisman’s in-depth research about ought’s logic structure, this paper indicates the complex meaning of ought in natural language, including the perspective of situation, the ordering of possible worlds, defeasibility and so on. Contemporary deontic logic developed the dyadic deontic logic systems, the preference deontic logic systems, the defeasible deontic logic systems and so on. Each system characterizes some aspects of the essence meaning of ought, but not completely. In order to resolve the deontic paradoxes, deontic logician should refer to the theoretical linguistics and meta-ethics research in semantics of ought, integrate branches of philosophical logic, and try to establish a deontic logic system with a comprehensive characterization of the essence of ought.