An Analysis On The Constitutional Development Of Tunisia

Tunisia is an integral part of the Arab world, as early as in the Hafsiddynasty(1228A.D.-1574A.D.) completed Arabization. Its constitutional history can betraced back to the constitutional movement of the Hussein dynasty in the late19thcentury, marked by the promulgation of the1857Convention and the1861Constitution. The role of the former is equivalent to France "Declaration of the Rightsof Man and of the Citizen ", focusing on the declaration of the fundamental rights ofthe people, as the basis for further constitutional. The latter is not only in the Tunisiahistory, but also the entire Arab word first constitution. It embodies the constitutionalideas advanced at that time, partly to limit the feudal monarchical, with modernprogressive. In France the "protectorate" post, Tunisia’s constitutional developmenthas been constrained by colonial rule, no substantial progress has been made.However, France’s colonial rule, objective also spread on the Western constitutionaldemocracies, which Tunisia far-reaching constitutional development in the future.After the founding of the Republic, Tunisia opened a new page of constitutionaldevelopment. In the age of Bourguiba, Tunisia enacted the first Constitution of theRepublic: Constitution of1959. The article has only64of the Constitution,confirming Tunisia’s Arab property (take Islam as the State religion, Arabic as Nativelanguage, as well as the greater Maghreb’s ideal), provides for the enjoyment offreedom, equality, property rights, implementing powers. Under the influence ofSocialist trends, Tunisia embarked on the Socialist road. However, compared to otherAfrican countries, Tunisia has no special’s Socialist Constitution. Application of thepolitical party system of one-party rule, stresses on the system design of presidentialpowers, the unified judicial system. Constitutional Socialist practice but ended infailure. By the collapse of the Soviet Union, drastic changes in Eastern Europe and theAfrican democratization influenced, Tunisia second president Ben Ali was advocatingconstitutional change. Reforming parliament to the Chamber of Deputies and theChamber of Advisors; Implementation of Bourguiba multi-party system proposed bythe late ruling party system, further democratic diversity policies; Strengthening theconstitutional review, the establishment of constitutional commissions system; Humanrights was enshrined in the Constitution, pay attention to the system of guarantees ofhuman rights.Tunisian Jasmine Revolution occurred in2010, had a major impact on the political landscape of the Middle East. Tunisia fragile economy, uneven development,employment and other livelihood issues seriously, Ben Ali long-term authoritarianrule and his family of corruption, promoting of emerging media are important reasonsfor that revolution. After the revolution, Tunisia has established a provisionalGovernment for the third, and successfully finished the constituent Assembly election.After that, the constituent Assembly abolished the Constitution of1959, promulgateda provisional Constitution, currently being carried out preparations for the formulationof a new Constitution. In addition, the rise of the Islamic Revival Movement hasincreased awareness about Tunisia constitutional development concerns. Tunisiaconstitutional development will continue to move forward in the tortuous ups anddowns.