| Post-mortem is special practitioner who visits the front line of China’s ancient judicialinquest and actives in the scene of ancient criminal case and technical personnel, improvingthe Chronicles forensic theory and practicing accumulated invaluable experience. But byvarious internal causes and external conditions the industry never cause for academicattention. The role of Post-mortem in the course of the operation of the judicial activities ofancient China, the reason for post-mortem no further change to a modern forensic,post-mortem and the forensic has inheritance relationship or not, the relationship betweenpost-mortem and the judicial system is benign or malignant, all lack of in-depth, focuseddiscussion.AS an important role in the ancient criminal cases, the detection process of thepost-mortem is very important for the history of ancient investigation, physical evidence, thehistory of technology, therefore study on post-mortem should not be so scarce. These issuesscattered account of the many official and private documents, and roughly had a clearerinquiry on the process of professionalization of the post-mortem to get a certain depth ofrational knowledge about judicial inquest field of ancient criminal investigation.The paper is composed of four parts.The first part of the origin for post-mortem research. From the searched and summarizedof the ancient literature and existing achievement, and researched the origin call ofpost-mortem, the change and fixed of this call, got post-mortem roughly the appear time andhistorical background. Approximate frequency and overview post-mortem in a variety ofhistorical, folk proverbs and ancient cases, we can roughly determine to post-mortem theoccasions role in the ancient criminal cases.The second part is about post-mortem work system (operating context) and ecologicalstudies, which is the part of the focus of this article. First to intervention dynasties judicialactivities carried post-mortem visits, and sort out the gradual change of its participation in thejudicial inspection activities. This is post-mortem this kind of work groups into the field ofjudicial inquest system security and logical premise. Second, focusing on exploring the QingDynasty official for post-mortem the recruiting, training, inspection rules, because it is the lastdynasty of the feudal system, the power of the ruling class control has reached anunprecedented height, and records of the official books writings more clear generations. Again, to tease out the various occasions post-mortem may appear in the field of judicialinquest and work flow from the macro scope of work specific to the microscopic part of theinstrument charts, inspection and appliance management. Finally, summarized toward thesalary management and reward and punishment system of Post-mortem in Tang, Song, Yuan,Ming and Qing, which perspectives the national deep manipulation and regulation ofpost-mortem by legal system.The third part is the historical analysis of the post-mortem this special populationcontemplation, is a core part of this article by a specific system to abstract study. First analysisa few reasons of the low social evaluation, history contempt, even trample of post-mortem.Secondly, the interpretation of the interactive state post-mortem with ancient judicial systembetween good and evil tangle. Revealed post-mortem unique characteristics of the historicalexistence, to explore the complex state of relations, and certain features of the ancient judicialinquest system are highlighted.The fourth part focuses on the "blood relations" of post-mortem and forensicdiscrimination, the highlights occupational characteristics of post-mortem. By intrinsic genesummary denial of the post-mortem and forensic often been considered the relationship ofpast lives, but also ruled out the external characteristics similar to the conclusions of bothinheritance relationship. Finally, from a summary of the many historical documents, theoriginal kind of multi-angle analysis, come to characteristics of post-mortem likenon-practical, non-rational, non-scientific, non-subject. |
