| After Chiang Kai-shek defeated the war of whole country nationalunification by Nanjing national government. How central government put on an agendato prohibition of opium plantation. More important is it that Japan was aggressiveagainst China. Under this background Nanjing national government was lunched avigorous opium-banning. This is the third opium banning in the history of China. Theperiod is divided into two stages. The first stage was "Drug-banning in two years,opium banning in six years" from1935-1940. However there were also much opiumplanted in Songpan county. This was the time that opium was not extinct as the desire ofthe government,but some people still secretly planted opium. The second period was theaftermath of opium banning from1940-1945. The government had taken a drasticmeasures to banning opium like before. Large scale planting of opium in Songpancounty was curbed. In this stage prohibition policy achieved a remarkable success. Itwas need that managing national government had to take prohibition policy becauseJapan was preparing to attack on China,and Nanjing national government had needconsolidate the unity of china. Opium banning not only exhibited Nanjing nationalgovernment resolution but also very important measures that unified central governmentstrengthened,its rule over minority areas.This paper work needs to restore the historicalfacts that how government banned on opium from1935-1945in Sonpan county. It willbe described that planting of opium and opium banning how caused the real socialtroubles in Songpan county,Sichuan province,and remained ten years bloody because ofopium.The thesis which has been given to me is divided into five parts,besidesintroduction. Chapter first includes that too much opium was planted from1935-1945.It brought bad influences to Songpan county of Sichuan province. The prohibition policy achievement at Songpan county by Nanjing national government was introducedin details. It is good cushion for next stage opium banning.The2nd chapter includes that how the opium banning went on in Songpan countyfrom1935-1945. First essay reviews the opium banning statutes and court at thisperiod.Second essay introduces the historical evolution of opium banning organization.Third essay describes that how the implementation process of opium banning wasconcreted.The third chapter mainaly discusses about the interest groups that how they gamedand struggled at the process of opium banning,this chapter is the focus part of thethesis. First there were some officials of Songpan county and Sichuan province incahoots with the interest groups. Second the Tusi attitude wanted to opium banning insubjective but objectively needed again wealth by planting of opium for defending theirrules. Third were peasants who planted opium had different beneficial demands. Theplanting other crops could not cover their basic living needs,so they have had to plantopium. Fourth there were relatively strong forces that could not control the grassrootswhich are called Paoge organization. Poage organization made their fortune mostly byopium trade. So they must resisted resolutely the opium banning.Chapter four is about characteristics,success and failure and historic inspiration ofopium banning in Songpan county and makes a comprehensive evolution. In this phaseopium banning in Songpan county had made some progress but policy was basicallyfailed. This is worth pondering.The fifth part is the conclusion. This part conducts detailed analysis and discussionabout the problem of opium banning in Songpan county. We should see opium banningfrom1935-1945in Songpan county had the special historical significance for cominggeneration. This time it is different the government of republic of China wasstrengthened its managements and supervisions of minority areas. It is a part of processthat China reunification objectively,ethic minority and their leads were more recognitionthe nation and central government and also promoting the integration of ethic. |
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