Transformations Of Kibbutz From1980to2010

The kibbutz did a lot of contributions to the establishment and development of Israel. In the1980s, thekibbutz got into a large number of troubles, like the massive outflow of population, the decrease ofeconomic output and the distrust to traditional values, and generated a big crisis. The reasons why kibbutzcrisis was generated included the domination of Likud Party, Israeli economic crisis, the expansion ofindividualism inside the kibbutz and some ideaistic changes of kibbutz members on consumption ideas.In order to reverse the crisis situation, the kibbutz began to change in the early1990s. Thetransformations of the kibbutz include: using the differential wage to improve the initiative of the kibbutzmembers; establishing a new safe-net system to protect the low-income members and reduce the gapbetween the rich and the poor; making privatization of the community service and consumption, thecommunal property and the work to increase the efficiency; adjusting the industrial structure of the kibbutzto the market in order to increase the economic profit; changing the organization and management methodsto improve the management level of the kibbutz; opening the labor, housing and community service marketinside the kibbutz to gain more incomes. At the same time, the government aid played a positive role inpromoting the transformations of the kibbutz.The kibbutz, to some degree, got rid of the crisis through these transformations. On the one hand, boththe population and all industries of the kibbutz increased, and a new style as the urban kibbutz developed.On the other hand, the transformation led to many problems, like the women problems, the aging of thekibbutz members and the identity problem. Overall, the transformation of the kibbutz in1990s wassuccessful. It not only saved the kibbutz economy but also updated the obsolete kibbutz system to adapt to the development of the Israeli society.