Comparative Study On "Congqian""Yiqian" And "Zhiqian"

In this paper, on the basis of previous studies, we make a comparative study on “congqian”“yiqian” and “zhiqian”from synchronic and diachronic planes under the guidance of the theoriesof “Three-Dimensional Grammar”“Cognitive Grammar”“Grammaticalization” and“Lexicalization”. Combing the error examples of using these three words by foreign students, wealso introduce some relative strategies.The whole paper is divided into five parts; the introduction part mainly explains the goaland the significance of this research, the methods and steps, the present research status at home,the previous research achievements and the source of the corpus. The first chapter explores theservice condition and the differences of these three words in synchronic plane; analyzes thedifferences of these three words in the aspects of syntax, semantics and pragmatics; discusses themechanism of time in Chinese by using the theory of “Cognitive Grammar”. The second chapterfirstly discusses the semantic evolvement of “qian”, then explores the lexicalization process ofthese three words, finally researches the mechanism and the reasons of the lexicalization of thesethree words and tries to make the explanation of their distinctions in synchronic plane. The thirdchapter analyzes the errors of these three words in teaching Chinese as a foreign languageprocess by utilizing the “HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus” from Beijing Language andCulture University and introduces some relative teaching strategies. The conclusion partconcludes the analysis results of previous chapters and illustrates the deficiencies of this paper.