The Enviornmental Ethic From Individualism To Holism

The individualism and holism of environmental ethic are two dimentions of theexplaination of the relationship between human and nature.This paper explain these twoenvironmental ethics in the view of nonanthropcentrism,which is based on the limitationof the biological individual ethics in practice and the contradiction betweenindividualism and holism.In fact,in recent years,there has been a trend to holism in theresearch of ecological ethics at home and abroad；both the individualism and the holismare inevitably touched by the Natural Forest Project,the Wetland Protection Project,andthe reaserch on the wilderness protection in our country.According to the viewpoint of holism of environmental ethics and the evolution ofhuman morality, this paper advocates to expand the the scope of the concept ofinterest,from human domain to the relationship between human and nature,highlightsthe interest of the overall ecology.The basic of establishing the overall ecology interests’concept is that the condition of Individual having interests is no loger the satisfication offavor and prudent desire but the satisfication of "health interest".All the conscious andunconscious creatures must be taken into consideration because of all of them havehealth benefits.Due to the interest of biont and the whole ecolgy is not uniform,whichhave to lead to the different environmental policy.Thus we should advocates a majorchange in our attitude toward the nonhuman world,which is to respect the earth’sbiosphere,establishthe legal status of the ecological system and value nonlivingenvironment.