Passive Smoking Effects The Levels Of Leptin And Adiponectin In The Serum Of Rats

Objective:Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor associated withhealth,which can significantly increase the rates of heart disease, cancer, acuteand chronic respiratory tract infections. Epidemiological data show thatpeople’s smoking rate has shown a downward trend，but the Status of passivesmoking does not. In our country, the number of deaths from smoking relateddiseases every year nearly one million.Smoking will not only leadto serious damage to lung tissue, can also lead to systemic inflammatoryresponse. Leptin and adiponectin are hormones mainly secreted by adiposetissue,they can regulating appetite and energy balance.A string of scientific studies in recent years have shown that leptinand adiponectin have a strong role in in the systemic inflammatory response.We developed a rat model in which the animals were exposed to cigarettesmoking. The time of passive smoking can be controled.We sought todetermine the effects of passive smoking and cessive smoking on lung tissueby examining histopathology assessment of lung.We also sought todetermine the effects of passive smoking and cessive smoking on growth anddevelopment by examining the rats general situation and weights. We caninvestigate the role of inflammatory factors like serum leptin, adiponectin inthe systemic inflammatory response of smoking-related by examining theexpression of leptin and adiponectin in serum.Methods：Fifty male wistar rats of clean grade were randomly dividedinto five groups: normal control group(NC), passive smoking4-week group（4PS），passive smoking8-week group（8PS），passive smoking12-weekgroup（12PS）and cessive smoking eight-weeks group（8CS）.Passive smokinggroups were established by passive smoking for different weeks，（4or8or12weeks.）and normal control group in nonsmoking environments. Anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of Pentobarbital sodium3%,bloodletting from Abdominal aorta and collected the blood, centrifuged it anddrew out the supernatant fluid,and detected the contents of leptin andadiponectin by ELASA. Sacrificed the animals by open-chest, taken theinferior lobe of right lung, fixed by4%Paraformaldehydesolution,conventional paraffin-embedded, sliced,HE staining, observed thepathomorphism changes of lung tissue.Results：1Groups of passive smoking rats fur gradually became yellow and falloff, which color brightness decrease. Along with the extension of the durationof passive smoking, this phenomenon increased, especially in passive smoking12-week group. Cessive smoking group rats， generation, such as active, furcolor and brightness, are better compared with the passive smoking-8weekgroup, but still not as good as the normal control group.2The weight of rats in passive smoking groups were significantly lowerthan those in normal control group(P<0.05).3In normal control group, the structure of airway epithelium, alveolarepithelium and alveolar interval are complete,and airway epithelium cilia isneat；The airway epithelium is damaged in passive smoking groups. thesephenomenon of cilia lodging, irregular arrangement and some fall off wereobserved. the inflammatory cell，such as neutrophils and macrophages，infiltration around airway wall.Along with the extension of the duration ofpassive smoking, this phenomenon increased，especially in passive smoking12-week group. In addition, The pathology of pulmonary emphysema wereobserved in passive smoking12-week group. Cessative smoking group lungtissue can still be observed in inflammatory cells infiltration and emphysema,but the damage was reduced compare with8PS group.4The level of leptin in serum of rats in passive smoking groups weresignificantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.05). The levels ofleptin in serum were signifieantly different among4PS，8PS and12PSgroup(P<0.05). The levels of leptin in serum in CS group were signifieantly lower compared with normol control group(P<0.05),and higher comparedwith12PS group(P<0.05),but no statistics different between CS group and8PS group(P＞0.05).5The level of adiponectin in serum of rats in passive smoking groupswere significantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.05). Thelevels of adiponectin in serum were signifieantly different among4PS，8PSand12PS group(P<0.05). The levels of adiponectin in serum in CS groupwere signifieantly lower compared with normol control group(P<0.05),andhigher compared with12PS group(P<0.05),but no statistics differentbetween CS group and8PS group(P＞0.05).Conclusions：1Passive smoking can signifieantly slow down the weight the growth inrats.2Passive smoking can cause a lot of infiltration of inflammatory cells inthe lung tissue, further cause alveolar walls structure destruction, lead topulmonary emphysema. Passive smoking for12weeks resulted in chronicbronchitis and emphysema.3Passive smoking could signifieantly slow down the leptinand adiponectin in serum.leptin and adiponectin have a strong role in in thesystemic inflammatory response.