| Currently, X cephalometric analysis is crucial for diagnosis and treatmentin the field of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. On the other side, patients,especially for the young adults, pay more attention to facial aesthetics ratherthan functional improvement. However, a number of studies have shown thatsoft and hard tissue morphology of the face is not exactly the same, on the onehand, soft tissue can camouflage some hard tissue defects, but on the otherside, it can further amplified the defects. Therefore, the study of soft tissueprofile of orthodontic is becoming an important research direction in the field oforthodontics and orthognathic surgeryObjective: To construct a database based on the analysis of the soft tissueprofile of a Northern China population of young adults by means of measuringthe angles of different parts on the standardized photographic records taken innatural head position(NHP), and to provide an reference for orthodontists andoral surgeons in diagnosis and treatment planning.Methods: In consideration of the accessibility, Subjects were selectedfrom the students enrolled in the Norman Bethune college of medicine, JilinUniversity. The basic criteria for selection included dental Class I occlusionwith normal overjet and overbite, minimal spacing or crowding, the upper andlower midline on, no history of orthodontic treatment and cosmetic surgery, andthe ancestral home in Northern China areas. Two experimenters selected155experimental subjects from nearly5,000students. Before making the finaldecision, the photograph of the155subject was evaluated and ranked by all10referees (Consist of5professional orthodontists and5ordinary people whonever accept medical education), and the consensus was made which subjectshould participate in the study. The criteria were based on the visual balance offacial parts, and the quality parts (ie, beautiful eyes) were disregarded. After the evaluation of all photographs,36individuals were excluded from the study.A sample consisting of155subjects,46males and67females, between18and30years of age with an average age of23years old was used in this study.Then the right profile records were taken in NHP, A vertical measurement scalewas placed which allowed for measurements at life size (1:1). A plumb line,held by a thick black thread to define the vertical plane on the photographswas hung from the scale. The vertical line as a reference line which isperpendicular to horizontal ground plane. The photographic records wereanalyzed with the Coreldraw software,12kind of facial angle were used todetermine the average male and female soft tissue facial profile.Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS17.0statistical package.An independent sample t-test was used to measure differences betweengenders, The reproducibility of the measurements were analyzed by usingDahlberg formula.Result: We got the extremum, average, standard deviation of the angleswhich about male and female soft tissue profile. The average values ofprofile-related angle were bigger in female than that in male except forPrn-N/TVL which demonstrated female have softer profiles than male. Thestandard deviations of nasolabial angle and Li-Sm-Pg were pretty high whichindicated large individual differences. There are6angle-values had statisticaldifferences between male and female, namely, G-N-Prn, N-Prn/Sn-Cm,Prn-N/TVL, Li-Sm-Pg, G-Sn-Pg, G-Prn-Pg, Pg-G-Prn. Our study demonstratedthat the method error of angular measurement is small except for nasolabialangle, mentolabial angle, angle of the inferior facial third were considered, andwe assume that it is because columella nasi and menton are hard to locate.Conclusion: The average of angle-values were bigger in female than thatin male. There are significant gender differences when soft tissue profile wasconsidered which remind orthodontists and surgeons need to pay attention to itwhen developing treatment plans. Since the standard deviation and methoderror of nasolabial angle and Li-Sm-Pg were pretty large,careful considerations were needed in clinical applications... |
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