| Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of migraineurs as well as to explore the related factors affecting the quality of sleep in patients with migraine,which may provide more evidence and strategies for the prevention and treatment of sleep disorders in migraineurs.Methods:The participants were divided into migraine group and normal control group. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect headache information. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) were used to assess sleep quality, anxiety and depression symptoms. After collecting and sorting data, SPSS17.0software package was used for statistical description and analysis.Results:There were146migraine patients in migraine group (M=47, F=99, the ratio of male to female is1:2.11) with average age of38.28±9.34years old(ranging from18to58years old), and the average disease course was8.35±7.96years (ranging from0.25to40years). Migraineurs could be divided into3groups:46patients (31.5%) with mild headache (VAS1-3),79patients (54.1%) with moderate headache (VAS4-7) and21patients (14.4%) with severe headache (VAS8-10). The average duration of migraine was12.13±18.08hours (ranging from0.25to72hours). In the migraine group,54patients (37.0%) had low attack frequency (less than2times per month) and the other92patients (63.0%) had high attack frequency (more than2times per month). Meanwhile,109patients (74.7%) had headache on<15days per month and37patients (25.3%) had headache on≥15days per month. Compared to18migraineurs (12.3%) with aura,128patients (87.7%) had migraine without aura.70patients (47.9%) had family history of migraine, and76migraine patients (52.1%) did not have family history. Clinical study on the prevalance of depressive state and anxiety state in migraine patients showed40patients (27.4%) had depressive state while the other106patients (72.6%) did not have depressive state.41patients(28.1%) had anxiety state while105patients (71.9%) did not have anxiety state. In the normal control group of100healthy people (M=32, F=68, the ratio of male to female is1:2.13), the average age was37.33±8.40years old(ranging from18to58years old). There was no statistically significant difference in age and gender ratio between migarine group and normal control group (p>0.05). The average score of PSQI in migarine group was6.98±4.30, while that was4.16±2.06in the normal control group. The incidence of sleep disorder in migarine patients was43.8%, which was much higher than that in the normal control group (9.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=34.512, P<0.001). Incidence of sleep problems in the migraine group were described as follows:subjective sleep quality45.2%, time to fall asleep41.1%, sleep time37.0%, sleep efficiency36.3%, daytime dysfunction16.4%, sleep disorders12.3%and sleep medicines5.5%. The incidence of all these events in migarine group was higher than that in the normal control group except daytime dysfunction. Incidence of sleep problems in the normal control group were described as follows:daytime dysfunction19.0%, subjective sleep quality16.0%, time to fall asleep13.0%, sleep efficiency9.0%, sleep disorders6.0%, sleep time5.0%and sleep medicines1.0%. Statistically, two groups were significantly different (P<0.05) except sleep disorders and daytime dysfunction. The analysis of sleep quality and influencing factors in migraine patients indicated that age of onset (OR=3.429), the severity of pain (OR=12.120), attack frequency (OR=8.842) were closely related to sleep disorder. These results also suggested the migraine patients with late-onset had higher incidence of sleep disorder (P=0.033). Higher severity of pain (P<0.001) and higher attack frequency (P<0.001) might result in higher prevalence of sleep disorder. Migraineurs with depressive state (χ2=12.532, P<0.001) and anxiety state(x2=5.004, P=0.025) were more likely to have sleep disorder. We also found the sleep quality had no significant relation to age (P=0.351), gender (P=0.100), course of migraine (P=0.347) duration of migraine (P=0.354), aura (P=0.651), family history of migraine (P=0.574).Conclusion:The prevalence of sleep disorders in migraineurs was higher than that in healthy people. Migraine patients with depressive state or anxiety state were more likely to have sleep disorder. Late age of onset, high severity of pain, high attack frequency were risk factors contributing to the prevalence of sleep disorder in migraineurs. |
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