The Cognitive Changes Of Diabetics And The Influential Factors

Objective: To observe the cognitive changes in diabetics and toanalyze the influential factors.Methods: there were95cases of diabetics in this study. We used theMontreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale to assess their cognitivefunction. Diabetics with scores less than26and equal to or more than12were divided into group CI, those with scores equal to or more than26into group N.To compare and analyse the general condition of group CI and groupN (age, gender, level of education, smoking, drinking, BMI, diabetic familyhistory, blood pressure), diabetes related condition (hypoglycemia, chroniccomplications of diabetes, the course of diabetes and treatment),complications (hypertension, coronary heart disease, carotid arteryatheromatous sclerosis).To compare and analyse the laboratory index of group CI and group N(glycolated hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine,triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspertate aminotransferase，urinary microalbumin, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio,fasting insulin, fasting C peptide).To compare and analyse the MoCA total scores as well aseach item’s scores of group CI and group N.To compare and analyse the MoCA scores between subgroups whichwere divided according to age, level of education, gender and course ofdiabetes.The Logistic regression analysis was used, taking the diabeticcognitive impairment as dependent variable, the age, gender, educationlevel, smoking, drinking, diabetic eye disease, hypertension, coronary heartdisease and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol as independent variables.Results: There were significant differences in age, gender, educationlevel, smoking, drinking, diabetic eye disease, hypertension, coronary heartdisease, LDL-C between group CI and group N (p <0.05).Visual spatial ability, naming, attention, language, abstracting ability,delayed recall, and orientation of Group CI decreased, compared withthose of group N (p <0.05)。MoCA scores reduced gradually along with the age growth and thedifferences between each age group are significant (p <0.05). The lowerlevel of education, the lower MoCA scores. The differences between theprimary and the junior, the primary and the senior, the primary and thecollege,the junior and the college were obvious. Male’s scores was higher than female’s and the difference was significant. The longer the diabeticcourse，the lower the MoCA scores and the differences were significant (p<0.05).The result of the Logistic regression analysis was that age and courseof the disease were independent risk factors and the high level of educationwas a protective factor.Conclusion: Diabetics were prone to suffer from cognitiveimpairment and multiple cognitive domains were damaged. Diabeticcognitive impairment was associated with age, gender, diabetic course,level of education, smoking, drinking, diabetic eye disease, hypertension,coronary heart disease, LDL-C level. Age and diabetic course wereindependent risk factors and high level of education was a protective factor.