The Impact Analysis Of The Human Head And Neck Injuries In High-Speed

When the human head and neck suffer high speed impact, the human brain, cervical spine and intervertebral discs are easy to be injured. A human who in high speed impact usually will produce harm, such as concussion, fracture or dislocation of the cervical spine, intervertebral discs injury and so on, the more serious impact can cause people to death, and the incidence is high. The human head and neck injuries are bound to bring great pain to the wounded and their families, and can also cause huge social economic losses. Therefore, under the high-speed impact, research on the injury mechanism of the human head and neck, then find out the injury parts and order of magnitude, it has great significance for injury prevention, later period treatment, and research of protection device. The high-speed impact will cause great harm to the human body, so the high-speed impact experiment using the human body is impossible for researcher to acquire the impact biomechanics response. It has important theoretical significance and application value that establishes the human finite element biomechanical mode], makes the finite element dynamic response analysis under the high-speed impact.During the finite element analysis of the human body, the contact problem is frequently encountered. The understanding of the contact problem will directly affect the reliability of the unit type, the selection of parameters and calculated during finite element modeling process. In this paper, base on the analysis of human head and neck organizational structure, considers the contact problem of human tissue, establishes a finite element biomechanical model of a human head and neck, this model contains skull, brain tissue, cervical, and T1thoracic vertebra, intervertebral disc, head and neck ligaments and muscle groups. The organizations of the human head and neck are described in hexahedral elements and cable element, and set the contact conditions between the cervical spine and disc. While, the material constitutive relations of human body organizations consult the domestic and foreign literatures.In order to verify the validity of this finite element model, using the test data which was acquired by the head impact test in1977by Nahum. make the analysis and verification of the head and neck. The results of finite element analysis and simulation show that, under the high-speed impact, the dynamic response trends of human head and neck consistent with the experimental data, to a certain extent, this model can replace the dynamic response analysis of human body which under the high-speed impact, then, it will provide better prevention and protection of the human head and neck injuries help.After the verification of finite element model, this paper makes the high-speed impact analysis of the human head and neck, gets the dynamic response parameters of the skull, brain, vertebrae, disc and ligaments, analyzes the time stress and strain distribution situation of the human head and neck organizations, makes the human body damage prediction and analysis combine with clinical medicine. The result shows that the neck NIC curve exceed the neck tolerance threshold, C6and C7easy appear damage, such as the vertebral fractures, disc herniation and so on.