| In many kinds of traffic accidents the neck is the most vulnerable parts of human body. In vehicle traffic accidents, the neck injury not only has high incidence rate, and the accident survivors often accompanied by long-term sequelae. In the aerospace industry, astronauts and pilots often stand high G load. This will not only cause pilots neck muscle injury, but can also cause cervical fractures, ligament tear, disc degeneration or prominent symptoms. Therefore, the neck injury mechanism and protection technology research receive the all over the world attention, and put in a lot of manpower and resources for research.The purpose of this thesis is through establishment a neck finite element model that can reflect the basic characteristics of the structure and description of the basic characteristics of the human body, to simulate the basic functions of the human body, and principle of dynamic response mechanism to replace the various human neek collision impact load analysis study of the various external conditions for the movement of the neck and injuries.This thesis has developed a neck finite element model based on the structure of real human anatomy. The model include vertebrae, intervertebral discs, ligaments and muscles. Mechanical properties of the biological tissues were obtained from published data. The vertebras and ligaments were defined as elastic material, the disks and the muscles as viscous-elastic material.This neck finite element model was verified by the front collision volunteers experimental data of Ewing and others in the biomechanics laboratory of the United States Navy in 1978. The simulation result showed that the model was validated according to test data and the results are acceptable.The validated neck FE model was used to the prediction analysis of the front impact. The stress and strain of organizations of neck was analyzed though the neck vertebrae, disc and ligament response to the internal parameters.
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