A Study Of Human Papilloma Virus Detected By DNA Hybridization In Situ In Breast Intraductal Papilloma

Background:Breast Intraductal papilloma (Intraductal papilloma, IDP) arises from nipple near the big duct. It is a kind of benign tumor in ductal epithelium, account for20%of breast benign tumors. According to the number and location of the lesions, it can be divided into the central intraductal papilloma and peripheral papilloma. Central intraductal papilloma is isolated and occurrs in a large tube or led tube. Collection tube, milk sinus, mammary gland duct and duct under mammary gland make up the breast duct system. Peripheral papilloma manifests as multiple centricities and occurrs in the medium and small guide. Breast intraductal papilloma and breast cystic lesion may have the same cause, but it is not very clear. Most researchers believe that one of the reasons may be the low level progesterone and increased levels of estrogen.HPV (Human papillomavirus) virus composed of8000base pairs of the double link DNA and icosahedron three-dimensional symmetric capsid. It belongs to the papovavirus polyoma viruses subfamily. HPV infection of human skin and mucosa epithelial cells can cause a variety of benign and malignant tumors. Till now, about150types of HPV virus has been determined, of which more than40HPV virus subtypes mainly transmitted through sexual contact and infect the anus and genitals. Mammary gland is a very important organ for human sexuality and closely related with human sexual activity. Mammary gland bubble is linked to the outside world through lobules in peripheral ducts, outer peripheral ducts, interlobular duct, pipe between the lobes, main duct at all levels, finally the lactiferous duct, lactiferous duct sinus, nipple and skin. HPV, with its direct relationship with human sexual behavior, has been confirmed to have causal role in tumorigenesis originated in glandular epithelial cells. Therefore, exogenous factors (such as viruses) invade though the duct may be one of the causes of intraductal papilloma.Objective:By examining the presence of human papilloma virus (human papillomavirus, HPV) HPV6/11and HPV16,18DNA in the paraffin-fixed specimen of the central type breast intraductal papilloma, peripheral intraductal papilloma, and mammary gland hyperplasia, to explore the expression and significance of HPV6/11and HPV16/18in the human breast papilloma and mammary gland hyperplasia.Methods:DNA in situ hybridization was used to detect HPV6/11and HPV16/18DNA in40cases of mammary intraductal papilloma,20cases of central type specimens of intraductal papilloma,20cases of peripheral intraductal papilloma, and20cases of mammary hyperplasia. Chi-square statistical method is applied to analysie the correlation between human papilloma virus and breast intraductal papilloma.Results:20cases of mammary gland hyperplasia and20cases of peripheral intraductal papilloma showed negative of HPV6/11, HPV16/18. Two of20cases of central type intraductal papilloma showed HPV6/11nuclear positivity and2cases showed nuclear positivity mixed with cytoplasmic positivity. We did not found nuclear positivity of HPV16/18, however,3cases showed cytoplasmic positivity.Conclusions:1. HPV6/11infection may be related to pathologic features of breast central type intraductal papilloma.2. Central type intraductal papilloma is closer to tube openings, thus, the HPV infection may be passed through milk tube opening into the breast.3. HPV6/11DNA positivity in single type intraductal papilloma was significantly higher than that of multiple type intraductal papilloma. These results suggested that detection of HPV6/11may be a biomarker of benign tendency for intraductal papilloma, especially the single type.