The Influence Of Different Feeding Ways On Physical Development And Nutrient Status Of Macrosomia:a Cohort Study

Objective To observe the influence of different feeding ways onPhysical development and the nutritional status of macrosomia.Methods377macrosomia were recruited from two Child HealthDivision of the tertiary hospitals in Yuzhong District，chongqing as subjectsin this cohort study. That including155in pure breastfeeding group,142inpartial breastfeeding group and80in artificial feeding group. In follow-uptracking, the questionnaire survey and physical development testing weremeasured when the macrosomia were1to6,8,10and12months old. Thedetermination of mineral content and blood lead levels were measuredwhen they were12months old. The changes of WAZ between delivery and12month old was used to evaluate the grouth rate, WLZ was used toevaluate their nutritional status. Macrosomia in12months, the minerals (Fe,Ca, Cu, Mg, Zn) and blood lead (Pb)content in the peripheral blood weremeasured. The lack of minerals and blood lead levels were used to evaluatethe nutritional status in children.Results The weight of macrosomias in pure breastfeeding group was significantly lower than that in other two groups when the children were10and12months old (10months old: F=4.015, P=0.021;12months old:F=5.093, P=0.008) and there was significant difference among them. Thelength of macrosomias in three feeding groups has no significant difference.The growth rate in three feeding groups were negative(The breastfeedinggroup△W AZ=-0.48±2.28, The partial breastfeeding group△WAZ=-0.61±0.69, The formula group△W AZ=-0.51±0.7), and there was nosignificant difference among them (F=0.085, P=0.919). The incidence ofoverweight in three feeding groups has no significant difference. Theperipheral blood iron, zinc content of macrosomias in pure breastfeedinggroup was significantly lower than that in other two groups (The ironcontent: F=4.035, P=0.021; The zinc content: F=7.262, P=0.001). Theperipheral blood lead content of macrosomias in pure breastfeeding groupwas significantly higher than that in other two groups(The lead content:F=5.911, P=0.004). Compare of the abnormal rate of minerals, the rate ofiron deficiency in pure breastfeeding group was significantly higher thanthat in other two groups (X2=9.28, p=0.009).Conclusion The growth rate of macrosomia within1year wasdecreased. Pure breastfeeding as the main feeding pattern can improve themacrosomia’s physical development. In addition, partial Breastfeeding andFormula feeding may trigger the occurrence of obesity potentially. The ironcontent of pure breastfeeding in macrosomia in one-year-old is low, this potential may impact the nutritional status of macrosomia. However, furtherresearches are needed.