Analysis On Childhood Obesity Incidences Between Urban And Rural In Chongqing City And Its Related Factors

Objective: To study the incidences of childhood obesity between urbanand rural area in Chongqing and its related factors.Methods: According to the cluster sampling method, a total of77411school-age children aged6to18years from Chongqing urban and rural areawere enrolled. Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured.According to the method of stratified cluster sampling4400children from2urban schools and3rural schools were extracted to fill obesity influencingfactors questionnaires. Children were divided into obese group and controlgroup according to BMI, childhood obesity related multivariate Logisticregression analysis was made, and differences of obesity risk factorsbetween urban and rural were compared.Results:1.Overall obesity incidence among school-age children in Chongqingwas8.23%,9.7%in urban and5.32%in rural areas (P<0.0001).2.Obesity related factors Logistic regression analysis demonstrated thatbirth weight, meat, fried food, beverage, snack intake frequency, maternalsmoking and family history of obesity were risk factors for childhood obesity in urban area; breastfeeding, vegetable intake frequency and vitaminsupplements were protective factors. At the same time, birth weight, friedfoods, milk products, snack intake frequency, parents BMI were risk factorsfor childhood obesity in rural area; breastfeeding was protective factor.3.Urban children ate more meat, fried foods and milk product than ruralchildren; family obesity history rate was higher while breastfeeding rateswas lower in urban children than in rural children (P<0.05).Conclusions: Childhood obesity rate of urban area is higher than that ofrural area in Chongqing city and the influencing factors are maternalnutrition during pregnancy, maternal smoking, feeding mode, way of life andfamily history of obesity. To control childhood obesity in urban, we shouldfocus on advocating smoking cessation during pregnancy, raising breastfeeding rate and controlling meat, fried food, sugary drinks, snack intake ofchildren. Childhood obesity rate is lower in rural area than in urban area, butthe growth rate is higher in rural area than in urban area; measures should betaken to improve children’s dietary patterns and control fried foods, milkproducts and snack intake to avoid recommitting the same error of urbanchildren.