| ObjectiveThrough the investigation on the pathogen carrying cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (HFMD), the detox situation and the high risk factors, this thesis aims to discuss the influence of detoxication to virus’spread and the high risk factors of HFMD incidence, so as to provide theoretical evidence to HFMD’s prevention strategies and methods in the future.MethodInvestigation on high risk behavior:1:1experimental-control matching study method is used, and information is collected by questionnaire, which includes basic information, family situation, housing and environment situation, epidemiological situation, health habit and etc.Investigation on the detox situation:follow-up study method is used to collect the stool samples among patients who are clinically diagnosed as HFMD. Samples are tested through laboratory testing technologies, with Hep-2and RD cells for the virus separation, and PCR detection method for diagnosis and identification of virus isolation, to determine detox situation.Statistical methods:Epidata3.1and SPSS9.0are used for data input and analysis individually. Different statistical method is chosen according to the different data’s characteristics. X2test and column chart are used for count data, and logistic regression is for analysis on related high risk factors. When P<0.05, it is statistically significant.ResultsInvestigation on high risk behavior:a) there are480cases recruited in total. The gender ratio of experimental group is1.53:1, while that of control group is1.47:1. The age range is0-6years old, among them,1-3year-old cases counts for56.3%.73.3% of them are scattered living children.289cases (62.1%) are Han people, b) the results of single factor Chi-square analysis show that it is statistically significant in such questions as the caregivers’profession (X2=21.063, P<0.001), whether the child have contacted the patient (X2=79.019, P<0.001), whether the caregiver have contacted patient (X2=30.386, P<0.001), whether the child washes his hands before meals (X2=6.961, P=0.008), whether the child washes his hands after toilet (X2=4.954, P=0.026), whether breastfeeding (X2=4.083, P=0.043), whether the caregiver wash his hands before feeding (X2=3.949, P=0.047), whether the child drinks unboiled water (X2=3.094, P=0.079), whether the child suck fingers (X2=3.758, P=0.053) c) the result of logistic regression analysis shows that the child having contacted HFMD patients is one risk factor (P<0.001, OR=6.676), which means the child who have contacted HFMD patients are more risky to get infected by6.676times that those have not; and the child sucking fingers is the other risk factor (P=0,044, OR=1.575), which means the child who suck fingers is more risky to get infected by1.575times that those do not. On the other hand, when the profession of the caregiver is workers, housekeepers, or others (medical workers, civil servants, etc.), it is the protective factor of HFMD. The incidence risk is less than farmers by0.181times,0.057times, and0.444times individually. Breastfeeding is the2nd protective factor (P=0.023, OR=0.554). The child who have breastfeeding history are less likely to get infected than those who do not by0.554times. Washing hands before meals is the3rd protective factor (P=0.004, OR=0.497). The child who wash hands before meals, are less likely to get infected than those who do not by0.497times.Investigation on the detox situation:a) there are161cases in total tested by PCR test, among which128(79.5%) detox via intestinal, while33(20.5%) not. X2test shows that it is not statistically significant among different age groups and gender groups (the values of X2are4.921and0.011separately, and the values of P are0.295and0.916). b). the main types of pathogen detoxed are EV71and CVA16.56cases (43.8%) contain EV71,61cases (47.7%) contain CVA16,3cases (2.3%) contain both and14cases (10.9%) detox virus in other pathogen types, it is not statistically significant among different age groups and gender groups (the values of X2are2.573 and4.070separately, and the values of P are0.646and0.254. c). the results of virus separation test shows that99cases (84.6%) detox via intestinal within3days after diagnosed;49cases (41.9%) detox via intestinal from the3rd day to the5th day;56cases (47.9%) detox via intestinal in the2nd week;46cases (39.3%) detox via intestinal in the3rd week;37cases (31.6%) detox via intestinal in the4th week;31cases (26.5%) detox via intestinal in the5th week;29cases (24.8%) detox via intestinal in the6th week;27cases (23.1%) detox via intestinal in the7th week, having analyzed the detox situations of all the test, the result of Chi Square shows that X2=137.852,, P=0.000, which mean it is statistically significant. In the beginning period, cases that detox are the most. With the time goes on, cases that detox gradually decrease. Chi Square test result shows that it is significant between different types of pathogenic poison.(the values of X2are8.412; the values of P are0.867) d) In117patients with detoxification,67cases (57.3%) persistently detox, while44cases (37.6%) intermittently detox. Chi Square test result shows that it is not significant in age and gender.(the values of X2are3.150and0.380; the values of P are0.533and0.538). But it is significant j in types of pathogen.(the values of X2are10.972; the values of P are0.012)ConclusionThere are many risk factors of HFMD, which mainly concern the health condition and habits. Therefore, more education on health knowledge, advocating breastfeeding, forming good health habit, isolating patients, and avoiding contact with HFMD patients could effectively lower the risk of getting infected with HFMD among children.Most HFMD patients could detox via intestinal after incidence, and detoxication in one week counts for the most percentage and are most infectious. Although with the disease develops, less and less cases detox, about1/5of cases can still can detox when clinical symptoms disappear. The detox period could last for50days, which could result the spread of disease easily. This adds more difficulties to the prevention and control. |
PDF Full Text Request