The Effect Of Salvianolic Acid On Myocardium Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Salvianolic acid on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Hemodynamic, Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity, myocardial infarct size, the activity of mitochondrial Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase, mitochondrial swelling were observed.MethodsForty Wistar rats were used in the Langendorff system and were randomly divided into four groups of controls (n=10), ischemia-reperfusion (n=10), Salvianolic acid pretreatment (n=10) and Salvianolic acid post treatment (n=10). Isolated rat hearts were mounted on a Langendorff perfusion apparatus. The hearts in control group were perfused with Krebs buffer for120min. For ischemia-reperfusion, the hearts were subjected to global ischemia for30min and reperfusion for60min. Salvianolic acid pretreatment group was perfused in the presence of14μmol/L salvianolic acid ischemia induction. Salvianolic acid post treatment group was perfused in the presence of14μmol/L salvianolic acid after ischemia.5of each group were randomly selected to measure myocardial infarct size through Tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and hemodynamics (heart rate、aortic flow、coronary flow and cardiac output) used to evaluate tissue injuries. The others were used to isolate mitochondria by differential centrifugation to measure the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase, the activity of Ca2+-ATPase and mitochondrial swelling.Result1At5min, there is no difference of hemodynamics in four groups. At10min,20min and30min, the differences between four groups have no statistical significance. At30min, only the coronary flow of Salvianolic acid pretreatment group slightly increased when compared with other three groups (P<0.05).2The myocardial infarct size and LDH activity in the salvianolic acid pretreatment group were significantly lower than those in the ischemia-reperfusion group [(24.47±2.14)%vs (34.30±2.31)%(81.46±13.39)U/g vs (142.6±6.46)U/g, both P<0.05]. Results of the salvianolic acid post treatment group were not significantly different from those of the ischemia-reperfusion group.3The activities of Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase of the salvianolic acid pretreatment group, but not of the post treatment group were significantly higher than those of the ischemia-reperfusion group [(6.12±0.42)U/mg vs (4.29±0.28)U/mg (3.42±0.16)U/mg vs (2.62±0.96)U/mg, both P<0.05].4In salvianolic acid pretreatment group, the extent of mitochondrial swelling were increased in comparison to control group but decreased in comparison to reperfused group and salvianolic acid posttreatment group. And result of the salvianolic acid post treatment group was not significantly different from that of the ischemia-reperfusion group.Conclusions1Salvianolic acid does not produce any significant hemodynamic effect, except for a slight increase in coronary flow. Therefore the heart blood-supply increased. It protects ischemia-reperfused myocardium.2Salvianolic acid pretreatment can reduce the myocardial infarct size and the activity of LDH of myocardial cells. Consequently, Salvianolic acid pretreatment can protect ischemia-reperfused myocardium.3Salvianolic acid can protect the activity of mitochondrial Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase and decrease the extent of mitochondrial swelling. So it can attenuate the ischemia-reperfusion injury.