Early Diagnosis Of Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research On Colorectal Cancer Specific Antigen Detection

Objective:Serum level of colon cancer-specific antigen2(CCSA-2) in patients with colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma was detected to investigate the relationship of CCSA-2level and pathologic differentiation of colorectal cancer and adenoma., in comparison to conventional tumor markers such as serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen19-9(CA19-9), tissue levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), Topoisomerase â…¡ (TOPO â…¡) and Ki67detected by immunohistochemical method. The clinical value of applying serum CCSA-2level for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer was further discussed.Methods:The study was conducted on a group of patients with colorectal cancer (n=30),a group of colorectal adenoma (10patients with non advanced adenoma and24patients with advanced adenoma),a group of upper gastrointestinal tumors (8patients with gastric cancer and esophageal cancer) and a group of normal control(8individuals).The concentration of CCSA-2was tested by ELISA method, and the differences of each group was compared. Serum concentration of CEA and CA19-9in each group was detected by regular methods and the expression of COX-2, TOPO â…¡, Ki67in colorectal cancer tissue was detected by immunohistochemical method. The correlation of these indicators and CCSA-2expression was further analysed. The clinical value of CCSA-2for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer was evaluated by data analysis.Results:(1) The expression of CCSA-2was higher in advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer than that in health people and non advanced adenoma(P<0.05). However there was no significant difference of CCSA-2levels between high advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer (P>0.05).(2) There was no significantly increased trend in CCSA-2 levels between advanced adenoma patients and colorectal cancer patients with different degree of differentiation (P>0.05).(3) The levels of CEA and CA19-9were higher in colorectal cancer than that in cancer-free cases and adenoma cases, but there was no differention between cancer-free cases and adenoma cases.(4) Immunohistochemical analysis showed that with the deterioration of colorectal cancer pathology classification, the degree of positive expression of Ki67, COX-2and TOPO â…¡ showed a trend of increase, but there was no statistical linear correlation. Morever, there was no correlation between the concentration of CCSA-2and the degree of positive expression of Ki67, COX-2and TOPO â…¡.Conclusion:(1) The serum CCSA-2in patients with advanced adenomas and colorectal cancer is highly expressed, but it is of no relationship with the pathological differentiation degree. There is no correlation between the concentration of CCSA-2and the degree of positive expression of Ki67, COX-2and TOPO â…¡.(2) CCSA-2has high sensitivity and specificity for determining colorectal cancer, and will be a type of potential serum marker for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Combined detection of CCSA-2and CEA may improve the early diagnostic rate of colorectal cancer.