Research On Biomechanical Characteristics Of Occipitoatlantoaxial Complex In Situation Of Malformation And Diferent Operation Procedures

Occipitoatlantoaxial complex has a very important position and its structure is veryspecial. It plays a crucial role in the movements of human-head. Clinical studies haveshown that relative pathological changes in occipitalatlantoaxial complex are more likelyto happen based on congenital bony malformation. It is not clear about the biomechanicalcharacteristic changes and their process caused by congenital malformation and operationCurrently.In order to evaluate the effects of surgical plans, the mainly used methodsnowadays are clinical observation and statistics, as well as vivo-vitro tests. However, thosemethods mostly are low-efficiency and retrospective studies, which have negative impactson the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis and the determination of treatment programs.By the creation of digital model, FEM can simulate a variety of congenitalmalformations and surgery program, Occipitoatlantoaxial complex can be studied andpredicted both kinematically,stabilitily and etc, which provide guidance for clinicians tomake precise diagnosis and reasonable treatment plan.Occipitoatlantoaxial complex’s finite element model is created and valuatedaccording to the standard which based on headless body’s experimental data. In fact,however, the actual motion of Occipitoatlantoaxial complex is in a head-weight sportmanner. So the studies of the effects of head weight on Occipitoatlantoaxial complexmotion and stabilityare obviously important. In this paper, in order to simulate head weight on theOccipitoatlantoaxial complex,40N load, under the guidance of clinicians, is applied on theoccipital condyle to observe the Occipitoatlantoaxial complex’s and its surgical model’sstability and movement change.In full knowledge of occipitocervical, atlantoaxial lateral joint structure, function anddeformity, based on which the base of basilar invagination, atlantoaxial lateral joint deformityin different models are established. And by finite element simulation with physiological load,the results of biomechanical properties were compared and analyzed to obtain the base of thebasilar invagination, atlantoaxial lateral joint deformities of the occipitocervical, atlantoaxialjoint movement and stability. Through the side of the atlantoaxial joint deformity model withhigher levels of anterior decompression or posterior decompression and bone graft fixation ofthe finite element analysis, surgical procedures’ impact on the malformation complexbiomechanics of atlantoaxial characteristics are obtained. Through the establishment of multiple malformations and surgical non-linear finiteelement model finite element contact analysis, this paper has discovered the head-weight’seffect on the Occipitoatlantoaxial complex’s movement and stability; Meanwhile, thebasilar invagination, atlantoaxial lateral joint deformities and its related surgical procedureon the biomechanical properties were studied; the findings in this paper, which providevaluable scientific data and information to clinical staff, can be used as reference orevidence for neck disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The research result is ofhigher practicability and clinical reference value.