Physiological Character, Saline Tolerance And Dwarf Cultivation Technology Of Different Cherry Varieties In Sunlight Greenhouse Of North

Cherry is popular with consumers because of its unique flavor and rich nutrition, earlymarket characteristics. But the cultivation conditions make There is samller area and loweryield on cherry cultivation and less cherry per capita in China, but the market price is higherthan other fruits. In China, cultivation area of cherry is small because cherry production islimited to a very narrow range. Cherry is a deciduous fruit trees, which require chilling and issusceptible to frost in the field since its earlier flowering and the fruits crack easily in rainingseason. It cannot be stored for long time and cannot resistant to transported. So cherry shouldbe cultivated near the big cities, especially in the coastal area, including mild saline area.In order to understand the adaptability of different cherry cultivars in greenhouse innorthern of China, the characteristics of morphological, phenology and growth andphotosynthesis of11cherry cultivars were compared, the effect of culture technology, dwarfrootstock and dwarf chemicals on the growth of cherry was studied. In order to understand thesalt tolerance of different varieties, the changes of the growth and physiology of cherry wereanalyzed. The popuse of all study is to provided the basis for the cultivation of cherry innorthern coastal area.The results showed that:1.After morphological characteristics of different cherry leaf were compared the resultshowed: leaves of AM、UNC were long elliptical:, MZ、EBF、SUN were long oval:, BRO、STA were oblong:, RED、SUM、BLA、SAN were oval. Petiole of SAN was shortest, EBF waslongest (3.83cm). Gland of SUM was most,3.1in each petiole,1.6on each leaf margin; Therewere2in the petiole of EBF、UNC、BRO、SUN, none on leaf margin. The color of leaf glandsof different cherry varieties was different.2. According to morphological characteristics among different cherry varieties, the resultshowed that SUM, AM, MZ, BRO varieties had more branches, but UNC, RED, BLA, STA,EBF, SUN, SAN varieties only had a fewer; Every variety of cherry had large number ofcluster twig, the leaf number in each cluster twig was6-9.5; apical dominance of SUM, AM,BLA, BRO, SAN varieties was relative weaker, and the growth of RED, BLA, UNC,SAN,STA varieties was moderate; The angle of branches opening on EBF, STA varieties wasbigger, which was benefit for dwarf and dense planting; The trunk and new shoots color, lenticels quantity and form of different varieties was obvious different.3. Base on different structures of fruit and flowers of cherry varieties, the result showed that:there was obvious difference on flower bud (scales form), flower bud and flower morphology(size, thickness of petals), shapes of flowering branches (quantity, distribution, number offlowers), fruit shape of different periods (size, shape, ventral suture characteristics) amongdifferent varieties.4. On account of phenological phase of different cherry varieties, the result showed that: thesquaring period of AM, MZ was earlier, flowering phase of MZ, BRO, SUN, RED was earlier,RED and EBF grafted on dwarf rootstock had early flowering phase than others.5. After growth habit among different cherry was compared, the result showed that: the plantgrowth of STA, BLA, UNC was moderation, plant height, crown height, internode length,shoot length was smaller than others, which is suitable for greenhouse close cultivation in thenorth.6.After fruiting habit was compared among different cherry, the result showed that: mosttriennial plants were flowering and fruiting except MZ and SAN, which fruited mainly onflowers clusters; plants of UNC and BRO blossomed most in all varieties, fruit setting rate ofBLA and BRO varieties was higher; the four year old plants of all varieties began to fruit,which still fruited mainly on flowers clusters, total bearing branch of the four year old plantsof MZ and BLA increased most than three years old plants, short branch of SUM, BLAincreased most in all.7. Base on the fruiting habit of the same cherry varieties on the different root stock, thenumber of fruit branches、fruits was increased and blossoming and fruiting was promoted andfruit yield was raised on plants grafted dwarfing rootstock Gisela5.8. In the north greenhouse, photosynthetic characteristics of cherry varieties were different,net photosynthetic rate of RED, SUM and MZ was higher, and transpiration rate and stomatalconductance of EBF, SAN, BLA was higher than others.9. The height of plants of BRO,SUM,SUN, RED, MZ, BLA was control,and length of newyoung sprout of RED, MZ, SUM was inhabited, stalk thick of AM, BRO, SUN, MZ wasincreased significantly by cultivation techniques no.1of dwarf planting in greenhouse.10. Length of new young sprout was better controled and stalk thick was better promoted onplants of RED, more new shoots were gotten on plants of SUM and RED by the cultivationtechniques no.2of dwarf planting in greenhouse.11. The plants growth height of SUM and RED in autumn was inhibited stem thick was increased in summer, new shoots length of SUM was decreased significantly. by dwarfingrootstock Gisela5.12The height growth and new shoot elongation of AM was inhibited and its branchesgermination and stem thick was promoted by MET; but there was not any effect on SAN.13The height growth of AM and BRO was inhibited by saline soils, but there was not anyeffect on SAN. stem growth and shoots sprouting of BRO was inhibited by saline soils, butthere was not any effect on AM and SAN.14. The new shoots length of AM was inhibited by saline soils, but there was not any effect onBRO and SAN.15By Membership functions calculation of growth index, analysis of comprehensive salttolerance of all varieties, the result showed: salt tolerance of SAN was the strongest, AM wassecondary and BROI was the weakest.The leaf membrane permeability of BRO plants was increased significantly by73.3%, butthere was not any effect on AM and SAN in saline soils; the content of malondialdehyde ofAM plants was doubled in saline soil but there was not any effect on on BRO and SAN; Theproline of AM was decreased by79.0%in saline soils, BRO was increased2.7times, therewas not any effect on the SAN; The soluble sugar of SAN in saline soils was reduced by27%,but there was not any effect on AM and BRO; POD activity of BRO was reduced by40.7%,but SAN was increased2.8times, there was not any effect on AM; superoxide dismutaseactivity of AM was decreased by46.7%, but BRO and SAN was increased3.33-1.43times insaline soils.16The leaves net photosynthetic rate of BRO and SAN was increased by47.2%and55.1%,there was not any effect on AM variety; stomatal conductance of BRO was increased by62.8%, transpiration rate was increased16.2%, but there was not any effect on AM and SANvarieties in soil salinity.17. Salt tolerance of cherry from high to low was SAN, AM, BRO, by comprehensive indexof growth and resistance physiology.18Salt tolerance of11cherry from strong to weak is STA, BLA, EBF, SAN, AM, SUM, RED,SUN, BRO, UNC, MZ by comprehensive salt tolerance determination approach of two plantsin vitro.