Three Commonly Used Chemical Pesticides On Wheat Physiological And Biochemical Effects And Mechanism

For the plantation is imposibale to incresease, with the help of pesticides, we can prevent the crop from be endanger by the disease,insects and weed, it is indeed a important instrumentality. But the use of pesticides will destroy the normal work fettle of frond and disturb the life of crop. The crop has a system, which is open to outside and can maintain its inside steady. It is provided with academic significance to study how crop correspond the organizes and apparatuses to maintain its inside steady under the levity environment, and it also have practical meaning for the growth of crop and producing.Effects of pesticides on the physiology and biochemistry in different wheat varieties were studied in this paper. The result were showed as follows:1 The apparent damage of common pesticides to wheatThe effects of three pesticides on wheat gemmating percentage, seeding height, root length, dry weight, the constitution factor of grain yield and the quality of flour have been studied. The results showed that, the low concentration of pesticides have no significant influence to the germinating percentage, with the concentration increasing, the germinating percentage was decreased; pesticides also have the inhibitory action to seeding growth, compares with the comparison, the seeding height reduces, the root length decreases too, the dry weight also reduced. The use of pesticides have influence to the constitution factor of grain yield on wheat, the result showed that, the seeds number of ear, the weight of a thousand seeds and effective spikelet number reducing; The quality of flour (protein content, ZSV and WGC) also have been influenced after treatment.Effect of three pesticides on root stimulated luminescence (ICL) and superweak luminescence (SCL) were studied with bioluminescence technique. The results indicated that three pesticides all could stimulate root superweak luminescence of seedling, and the luminescence intensity increased proportionally to applied pesticide concentration; the root luminescence intensity after applying pesticides was lower than that of the control; the root length changed unsignificantly during early period after applying pesticides, but then it was inhibited strongly with the time of applied pesticides going. The result suggested that the effect of three pesticides on root of wheat seedling has a sequence of bisultap >methamidophos> jingganmycin, the higher concetration pesticede applied, the more serious effect on root tap were observed, and the sensitive of Jiangjin 2808 variety was higher than that of Yangmai 00118 variety.2.1-2.2 Study on tracer dynamics effects of pesticides on photosynthate export rate in wheat leafEffects of three pesticides, jingganmycin, bisultap and methamidophos on export rate of photosynthate of wheat leaf were studied with 14C on wheat varieties, spraying time and application concentration. Dynamics data of photosynthate of labeled wheat functional leaves of different treatments were recorded with living plant nutrient detection instrument equipped with multi-probes through tracer method of radioactive nuclide. Compartment analysis model and mathematical equations were constructed with dynamics principle and method of analysis, calculating constant (K) of export rate. The result showed that export rate of photosynthate of labeled leaf was reduced after treatments with pesticides. This effect was positively correlated with decline of photosynthate export rate of the leaf and mainly attributed to the reduction of photosynthesis rate.2.3 Effects of three pesticides on MDA content and RMP in wheat leavesEffects of three pesticides on MDA content and RMP in wheat leaves have been studied. The result showed that, compares with the comparison, RMP of wheat leaves have increased after treatment, and along with the time the RMP have increase more, the higher concentration of treatments are the more RMP increase; the MDA content shows the same trend as RMP. 2.4 Effects of three pesticides on Chlorophyll content in wheat leafEffects of different dosages of pesticides on Chlorophyll content in wheat leaves have been studied. The results indicated that compares with the comparison, the Chlorophyll content decreased after treatments, and the higher concentration of treatments are the more Chlorophyll content decreased.2.5 Effect of three pesticides on the ATP content in seeding rootsEffects of three pesticides on the content of ATP in seeding roots were studied with bioluminescence technique. The result indicated that the content of ATP in seeding roots decreased after treatments, along with concentration of treatments enlarging, the decreasing extent of ATP content also increased. Under the same processing level, the ATP content of Qiangjin2808 decreased more than Yangmai00118, which reflected the varying influence on energy condition of root in homogeneous intimidation on two wheat varieties.3.1 Effect of three pesticides on SOD content in wheat leavesEffects of three pesticides on the SOD content in wheat leaves were studied with chemiluminescence technique. The results showed that, the SOD activeness enhance in 5-10 days after treatment, then descend in 10-15 days, and bring back in 15-20 days. Qiangjin2808 is more sensitivity to pesticides than Yangmai00118; as the concentration of treatments enlarging, the SOD content increase faster, which do more harm to wheat organism, the damage recover more slowly.