Field Survey And Control Of Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virual Disease

Wheat yellow mosaic disease is one of most wildly spread virual disease which is transmitted by soil-fungus Polymyxa graminis. The field symptoms include leaves yellow, chlorotic, dwarf, and tiller reduced, and this disease caused a decline in wheat quality and yield of30%to70%. The disease is mainly distributed in the north latitude33°of China winter wheat region, including Huang-Huai and some part of Yangtze River wheat growing area. In recent years, the disease tends to spread.The most important feature of wheat yellow mosaic disease is fulminating and intermittent, the extent and scope fluctuate considerably in different regions and years. The cultivar resistance and climatic conditions are two main factors due to the occurrence of disease. High resistant wheat cultivar can help to reduce the occurrence of disease. But the actual production of new cultivars in the cultivation and promotion often overlook evaluation on disease resistance of wheat virus disease, which makes the susceptible cultivars planted in large wards, accelerates the spread of disease and epidemics. To latitude33°wheat production areas, for example, the epidemic area of Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) and Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) disease continues to expand (over1000acres), the extent of damage increases year by year (average output20to30%), a large need to improve monitoring and prevention efforts. In recent years, the occurrence of disease has undergone many new changes due to the cultivar, cultivation system, water and fertilizer conditions changing. Great need to provide some effect integrated control technology in different ecological zones.Year2012to2013, we investigated the occurrence of wheat yellow mosaic disease in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Linyi (Shandong), Anyang (Henan), Lu’an (Anhui), Dingyuan (Anhui) were selected to monitor the occurrence of wheat yellow mosaic disease. A total of401samples were collected from monitoring points, and78samples were sent from other places in two years.These samples were tested by serological method at the lab.Year2011to2012, four sites in Yangzhou(Jiangsu), Xiping(Henan), Yantai(Shandong) and Rongcheng (Shandong) were selected to identify the field resistance of wheat cultivars.684wheat cultivars were were planted in those four infested fields. Year2012to2013, Jiangsu Yangzhou was selected for the repeatability verification of resistant cultivars. We identified and filtered out a number of resistant cultivars, which can be directly used in the production.Year2012,113resistant cultivars in Yangzhou (Jiangsu),173resistant cultivars in Xiping(Henan),21resistant cultivars in Yantai(Shandong),4resistant cultivars in Rongcheng (Shandong) were identified. Year2013,393wheat cultivars were were planted in Yangzhou infested field and217resistant cultivars were identified.As frequent and serious occurrence areas of wheat yellow mosaic disease, Yangzhou(Jiangsu), Yantai(Shandong), Zhumadian(Henan) and Nanyang(Henan) were selected for integrated control and demonstration in different periods of disease development with the help of relevant units. The total demonstration area is nearly2000acres which has been model of integrated control in the local and greatly helped the local famers to promote the awareness of planting resistant cultivars.Based on the research, we summarized the main measures of the integrated control of wheat yellow mosaic disease:pre-screening and identification resistance cultivars for reasonable layout, seriously outbreak area like Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong mainly promote the resistant cultivars, combined with fertilizer, late sowing and other agricultural measures supplemented by a integrated control system.