| T4generation of wheat plants with transgenic maize C4-type pepc and receptor (Zhoumai19and Zheng mai9023) as experimental materials,Photosynthetic physiological characteristics of transgenic wheat with maize C4pepc T4generation transgenic inbred groups, including08T (1)-27,08T (1)1-45,08T (1)1-47, and control and9023-pepc and control. Results were as follows:1. PEPC activities of transgenic wheat T4and control have been measured at heading, filling, the5th day after flowering and the10th day after flowering. The results showed that1) Trends of all periods of PEPC activities were flowering> heading> filling stage.2) PEPC activities of transgenic wheat were higher than control, significantly.3) During the heading period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were142,87,109and56%than control.4) During the flowering period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were108,73,94and47%than control.5) During the5th day after flowering period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were117,84,90and57%than control.6) During the10th day after flowering period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were165,80,82and48%than control.7) During the15th day after flowering period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were160,62,38and95%than control.8) During the10th day after flowering period, increase rates of PEPC activities of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were62,21,8and53%than control.9) The difference of PEPC activities between08T1-27and control was most significant.2. Field groups photosynthetic rates of transgenic wheat T4and control have been measured at heading, filling, the5th day after flowering and the10th day after flowering. The results showed that1)Trends of all periods of field groups photosynthetic rates were flowering> heading> filling stage.2) Field groups photosynthetic rates of transgenic wheat were higher than control, significantly.3) During heading period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were17.1%,14%,14%,15.1%and33.0%,16.2%,13.4%,15.3%than control, respectively.4) During flowering period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were34.4%,11.3%,17.3%,10.7%and37.5%,13.2%,14.9%,15.0%than control, respectively.5)During the5th day after flowering period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) andpepc-9023were24.3%,12.8%,16.9%,16%and36.6%,13.5%,14.3%,15.0%than control, respectively.6) During the10th day after flowering period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3)and pepc-9023were17.3%,17.4%,8.4%,9.7%and32.0%,17.0%,11.7%,17.5%than control, respectively.7) During the15day after flowering period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were18.6%,10.1%,0.7%,8.6%and34.4%,17.2%,13.2%,13.7%than control, respectively.8) During the20th day after flowering period, increase rates of field groups photosynthetic rates and total diurnal of08T1-27,08T1-45,08T1-47(3) and pepc-9023were67.1%,17.9%,51.5%,38.9%and70.6%,20.8%,53.8%,78.8%than control,respectively.9)The difference of PEPC activities between08T1-27and control was most significant.3. Fluorescence kinetics parameters of chlorophyll of transgenic wheat groups were measured at8:00and12:00on the15th day after flowering. Compared by8:00,1) Fv/Fm values (maximum quantum efficiency), ΦPSII values (actinic light, the actual quantum efficiency of PS II), qP values (photochemical quenching coefficient) ranged less than the control, while NPQ values (non-photochemical quenching coefficient) ranged much than the control at12:00.2) Fv/Fm values of08T1-27,08T1-45,1-47(3) and control decreased1.00,2.00,1.90and6.40%, and9023-pepc and control decreased2.20and4.60%.3) qP values of08T1-27,08T1-45,1-47(3) and control decreased15.50,16.60,18.70%and38.30%, and9023-pepc and control decreased24.00and38.00%.4) OPSII values of08T1-27,08T1-45,1-47(3) and control decreased17.50,34.30,37.60and50.20%, and9023-pepc and control decreased45.90and53.91%.5) NPQ values of08T1-27,08T1-45,1-47(3) and control increased108.6,67.20,59.20and35.50%, and9023-pepc and control increased100.50and67.40%.6) The results showed that transgenic wheat groups have better resistance to high temperature. 4. Agronomic traits have been investigated after the wheat harvest.1) Grain weight, per stem, and plot yield of transgenic wheat groups were higher than the control significantly.2) Compared with control,08T1-27increased4.9,5.7and9.3%, respectively.08T1-45increased2.9,2.8and18.0%, respectively.08T1-47(3) increased2.9,5.0and18.9%, respectively.9023-pepc increased7.0,2.5and26.8%, respectively.In summary, field groups photosynthetic characteristics and level of production of transgenic wheat groups with pepc gene of maize C4-type were improved significantly. |
