| Propolis is a chemically complex resinous honeybees product containing material collected from buds or exudates of different plants (resin), volatile substances and beeswax. Propolis has various biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, immunostimulating, cariostatic, local-anesthetic, antitumoral, and antiinflammatory. Propolis widely used in human Clinical medicine. In veterinary clinic, researches were focused on adjuvant, other dosage forms is not yet reported. A preliminary investigation of immune function and pharmacokinetic of propolis solution was carried out in chicken. The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical basis and experimental evidence for its clinical application in veterinary practice.1Effect of propolis solution on the immune function in chicken320Rose-308Chicken at4days were randomly divided into control group (n=80) and teat group (n=240). Propolis solution in dosage of1(low dosage group, n=80),3(middle dosage group, n=80) and6(high dosage group, n=80) mL/L were added in water succession for4days. All chicken were feed and drink water freely. Randomly chose6chicken to observing or determining the symptom, the indexes of immune organ, antibody titer of the Newcastle disease(ND), lymphocyte function, percentage of the erythrocyte complement receptor rosette, percentage of erythrocyte immune compound rosette, and the serum protein content at15,22,29,36days. The results suggested that:there were no effect on clinical symptoms, propolis can increase the index of thymus and spleen, and chicken fed with three dosages of propolis solution resulted in a pronounced higher level of the concentration of ND antibody, lymphocyte, RBC-C3bR and RBC-CIR. These results indicated that the administration of propolis to chicken can enhance immune function.2The clinical test of propolis oral liquid against Newcastle disease200Rose-308Chicken at4days were selected to evaluate the prophylactic efficacies of propolis solution against Newcastle disease virus. Randomly divided chicken into control group (n=80), low dosage group (1mL/L, n=40), middle dosage group (3mL/L, n=40) and high dosage group (6mL/L, n=40) succession for4days. All chicken were feed and drink water freely. The symptoms of chicken treated with propolis solution appears later than that of positive group, the mortality rate of chicken in experiment groups were lower than the positive group significantly, and the feed rate were higher. These results suggested that propolis solution could provide chicken from Newcastle disease.3Study on pharmacokinetics of propolis in chickenTo study the pharmacokinetics of propolis in chicken,12Chicken were gavage of propolis solution at1.5mL/b w in single. The Chrysin and Galangin concentrations in plasma were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by3p97program. The pharmacokinetic processes was fitted to one-compartment open model. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of propolis solution Chrysin were as follows. T1/2Kα was0.2945±0.0590h, T1/2Ke was0.6383±0.2284h, Tmax was0.5672±0.1651h, Cmax was0.0171±0.0132μg/mL, AUC was0.0219±0.0094μg/h-mL. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of propolis solution Galangin were as follows. T1/2Ka was0.2261±0.1513h, T1/2Ke was0.7487±0.5020h, Tmax was0.4813±0.4322h, Cmax was0.0081±0.0070μg/mL, AUC was2167.4705±1188.6282μg/h·mL. These results indicate that propolis solution absorb and eliminated fastly. |
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