| Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi is classified as Leguminosae,Leguminosineae, Vigna. Its another name is mountains green beans, wild green beans.The plants are annual herbs, producing of the north, and south-east to the south. Andare Born in the wilderness, grass or shrubs, Japan and the Philippines are alsodistributed. Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi is rich in protein, fatty acids, Bvitamins, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron and selenium and other nutrients. Ourcountry has large abundant natural resources of Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi etOhashi.But for a long time, its nutritional characteristics of the resources has notbeen given due attention and food value，People do not have them more in-depthresearch, development and utilization. In this paper, in order to provide importantreference for the scientific development of the natural wildlife resources its mainnutrients and nutritional assessment are analyzed and determined with the modernanalytical chromatography, spectroscopy, analytical techniques and standardspromulgated by the state as the basis, using the suburbs of Zhengzhou naturalproduction of wild Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi as the samples.The main studies are as follows:Grain shape, grain weight, bulk density, specific gravity and other physicalquality indicators were studied with Standard methods issued by the Stateand relevantreferences. The measurement results show that: grain weight is between27.1176~28.1799g, imperfect grains were less than2%, the acidity range of8.0to8.6ml/10g,bulk density of807.5to809.5g/L.The relative density is between1.2to1.28, grainmoisture content range of9.43%to9.60%, the average clarity of95.09%.The amino acid of type and content were analyzed by liquid chromatography.Theresults show that：Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi of dry basis contains17amino acids of the total content194.093~225.714mg/g, And essential amino acids(except tryptophan) mass ratio of the total amino acids (EAA/AA) from27.03to28.82%.Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi in glutamic acid, the highest tyrosineand aspartic acid, of the total amino acid content of14.90%to15.12%,11.34%and11.81%,9.60%to10.10%, respectively, illustrating Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi etOhashi had a high nutritional value, because of amino acid total range, and higherlevels of essential amino acids.The fatty acids of type and content were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The results show that Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashicontains higher linoleic and linolenic of the fatty acid composition, are36.13%and37.67%respectively. Followed by palmitic acid,18.29%, stearic acid,6.42%,Otherfatty acid content is few (less than5%). Thief adzuki bean leaves in the ratio of thesaturated fatty acid (S) and unsaturated fatty acids (U) is0.36, the ratio of linoleicacid and linolenic acid is0.95.The water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamin content in Vigna minima(Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi is measured by high performance liquid chromatography, inwhich the mobile phase A of water-soluble vitamins:1%trifluoroacetic acid aqueoussolution, B:0.06%trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile. The column temperature was40℃and a flow rate of1.0ml/min, detection wavelength was266nm, the injectionvolume is10μl, gradient elution. The results show that: The content of nicotinic acidin Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohas is higher, up to156-180μg/g.Smaller contentof vitamin B2and vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin B6, folic acid content is highest inOctober.Vitamin A and vitamin E was analyzed with GB/T5009.82-2003by highperformance liquid chromatography.The results show that: the standard curvecorrelation coefficients of vitamins A and E were greater than0.999; relative standarddeviation RSD <5%. Vitamins A and E, the average recoveries were99.6%and100.2%, respectively. The established method is rapid, simple, sensitive, and accurate,and has been successfully determined thief adzuki bean vitamins A and E.The kinds and contents of mineral elements were analyzed by inductivelycoupled plasma Atomic emission spectrometer. Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hgand other18kinds of trace elements content were simultaneous determinated bymicrowave digestion-inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) method. The results show that: Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohascontains Mg, Ca, Fe, Na, Zn, Mn trace elements, which were beneficial to humans.The organic acid type and content were analyzed by HPLC. The results showthat: within25min the9baseline separation of organic acids, organic acids thiefadzuki bean tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, maleic acid organic acid content.The carbohydrate compounds of type and content were analyzed by ionchromatography. Experimental results show that: the method could be detected within25minutes of nine kinds of sugar, the various sugars recoveries ranged from91%to104%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of0.63%to2.4%, a detection limit of 0.05to1.2μg/mL carbohydrate mass concentration of0.05to50mg/mL showed agood linear relationship, the correlation coefficient of0.9994(n=6). Carbohydratecompounds of Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohas principally to the higher contentof glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose, and maltose sugars. |
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