The Research On Behavioristics Of Tibetan Pig And The Process Design Of Large-scale Breeding

Based on the construction of colony house in many large-scale Tibetan pig farms in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province over the recent years, research in various aspects of the application of pig farm environment control technology, as well as the experience gained from practical work in recent years, this article comes up with the the research on behavioristics of Tibetan pig and the process design of large-scale breeding. It integrates the idea of ecological protection, animal welfare, waste recycling in the design, while it summarizes and analyzes all kinds of colony houses constructed in large-scale Tibetan pig farms and the environment control technology. The main contents in the article include process design of large-scale Tibetan pig cultivation, characteristic test of Tibetan pig behavioristics, quality test of Tibetan pork, environment control technology of Tibetan pig farms and architectural design of colony houses for Tibetan pigs.The characteristics of Tibetan pig behavioristics are frequently affected by the aquaculture model and breeding environment and it decides the process design of large-scale Tibetan pig cultivation and the construction design. Therefore, this article presents the characteristic test of Tibetan pig behavioristics in captivity. The test is to observe the behavioristics of purebred Tibetan pig bred in the institute of Animal Science and Technology of Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. During the observation, Tibetan pigs have been fed regularly twice a day. There are two stages of daily observation time,6:30-19:30and19:30～6:30respectively. The test results indicate that captivity model is good for enhancing productivity. It increases the reproduction rate and the rate of survival of Tibetan pigs by applying the assorted Tibetan pig feeding technique. However, due to the effects of long-term pasture breeding, captivity model is not completely applicable to Tibetan pigs at every growth phase. At the same, it imposes restrictions on some instinctual expressions of Tibetan pigs.In order to see the effects on the meat quality in pasture breeding and captivity model, providing the basis for breeding model design, butcher the randomly selected adult Tibetan pigs, and test the quality of the meat. The test results indicate that under the conditions of captivity, the quality rate of Tibetan pork is overall fine. Compared with Tibetan pig in pasture breeding model, all indicators are within the normal range, except the marbling rates relatively low. It fundamentally achieved the standards of high quality meat. Meanwhile, the results show that the Tibetan pork quality will not be influenced in captivity model.According to above conclusion, the program includes the process design of large-scale Tibetan pig breeding. In accordance with the requirements of Tibetan pigs in different stages, the process dynamically integrates captivity, high-bed and graze model. Through the optimization of group structural layout, the process separates the swinery more reasonably to improve the utilization of construction facilities.Feeding in high-bed applies to lactating sow and nursery pigs; Feeding in captivity applies to finishing pigs and boar. The design of captivity is for living area and pasture breeding area. The motor area should be big enough, which is1～1.5times of living area. The combination of captivity and crate is applicable to pregnant swine. Meanwhile, corresponding welfare facilities should be provided to Tibetan pigs in different stages to ensure the expression of natural act.According to the data provided in the test and the natural climate conditions in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, and taking into account the production requirements of Tibetan pigs in different stages, the article comes up with a design sketch along with the production process design. The construction focuses on regulate and control of the microenvironrnent of Tibetan pigs’ living. Based on the temperature and humidity requirements of Tibetan pigs in different stages, regulate and control the microenvironment by uniform setting ducts with different diameter on the colony houses, using positive pressure ventilation mode,providing hot wind in winter and providing natural wind in summer. The environment regulation and control in colony house is not only efficient, but also green economic. At the same time, the walls of the colony house are double-deck substance brick walls, with polystyrene board on the surface. And the fracture surface of the concrete leak floor is designed as T pattern.The full set of design can satisfy the daily production, management and all requirements of a Tibetan pig breeding farm with300sows. It can reduce the overall investment and operating expenses at a later stage of the pig farm effectively. In the premise of ensuring germplasm characteristics of Tibetan pig, breeding in a large scale and enlarging the population quantity establish the foundation of developing large-scale Tibetan pig breeding in the future.