The Tree Species Evaluation And Selection Of Water-conserved Forests In Mountains Of Shandong Province

Since water system greening is an important part of forestations, doing Greening workwell for reservoir and river water system plays an essencial role on water conservation,waterpurification,building a green ecological barrier and the construction of a beautiful ecologicallivable environment. Water conservation forest tree species selection and the standconstruction technology are basic work of water system greening，having significant realisticmeaning. The experiment choose the fine poplar clone I-107, Chinese pine, Orientalarborvitae,willow and black locust as main object of the study, taking the advantage of thethermal diffusion technique dissipation method to measure the five tree species of stem flow,combining with stimulaneously observations of meteorological factor, analyses the dynamicsand the corresponding environment, at the mean time, investigates five stands evaporationdensity according to pot experiment. The article adopts runoff plot technique to measure theoverland runoff of poplar, Chinese pine, Oriental arbor-vitae and black locust, and differentplanting density poplar canopy interception. The results are as follows:The result which comes from the analysis of evaporation and water consumption fivespecies of annual seedling, is much the same as the one which comes from the fieldexperiment. Broad-leaved tree species have greater water demand, conifer species relativelymild and the water consumption is longer. It shows that under the same environmentregulating conifer trees species more drought tolerance.The stem sap flow velocity of poplar, Chinese pine, Oriental arbor-vitae,willow andblack locust shows a single peak curve obviously and shows a wide shape in the growingseason. In the different fine weather the stem sap flow rate diurnal differences, performancingin that the starting time is different, and the period is different too. The rate of the order of thefive tree species of stem flow circulation is: Willow＞poplar＞black locust＞Orientalarborvitae＞Chinese pine.The analysis of the multiple linear correlation factors between meteorological factors andmain stem flow rate shows that stem flow has a good correlation between the flow rate andmeteorological factors. According to the curve fitting of the air temperature, relative humidity,soil temperature, soil moisture, wind speed, solar radiation and effective radiation we can see:it is the effective radiation and temperature which play a leading role; it is the soil temperature and soil moisture which play a significant role; yet the effect of relative humidity and windspeed on the evapor transpiration intensity is relatively small, Stem flow rate and solarradiation, effective radiation, and atmospheric temperature is positive correlation, the relativehumidity is negatively correlated, poor correlation with wind speed.The surface runoff experiment of poplar, Chinese pine, Oriental arborvitae and blacklocust shows that the sediment concentration of conifer tree species is less than broad-leafspecies(black locust＞poplar＞Oriental arborvitae＞Chinese pine),and conifer tree speciesplay a more important role for conservation of water and soil. There is no obvious boundarybetween conifer tree species and broad-leaf species as to volume of runoff（black locus＞Chinese pine＞poplar＞Oriental arborvitae）,it may concern with factors such as vegetationalcover、deciduous leaf、soil characteristics. The surface runoff is caused by trees’ physiologicalcharacteristics and the interaction of the corresponding environmental factors.The study of the canopy interception of poplar of different planting density shows that ina certain range, there is no significant correlation between the trunk interception capacity andDBH size. Canopy interception may be in proportional to canopy density, and inverselyproportional to the space, in the choice of water conservation forest tree species, plantingspacing should be reasonable planning.