Production Of Biodegradable Biomass Board Using Rice Straw

With the rapid development of global economy, the supply of timber has been unableto meet the demand of economic growth. At the same time, the rapid development of theeconomy led to oil and other fossil energy crisis, and plastics products are popular used incommon life, brought a very bad result called "the white pollution", which is seriousharmful for human’s health and natural environment. Therefore, composite materials withhigh performance, multi-function, and high added value, more and more eagerly need forhuman life and social development. Biomass material means that it is produced byrenewable raw materials, which is the product of plant photosynthesis with carbon dioxide,and it can be degraded into water and carbon dioxide by microbial or light, or through thecompost for fertilizer as natural polymers. Crop straw is considered as one kind of verygood biomass materials source. At present, crop straws is faced the phenomenon with highyield, low utilization rate, but if it can be made into biomass board and could be used foragriculture, packaging industry, construction industry to replace wood products and plasticproducts. It is not only can ease the timber supply pressure, but also relieve the oil andother fossil energy supply pressure, and reduce plastic pollution to the environment, ofcourse, the crop straws resources are more efficiently utilized.Arch is based on the conception of sustainable development and circular economic,refers to describe the process of make an environment-friendly, complete degradation ofbiomass material from the agricultural waste rice straw as raw material. There are twomethods to produce the biomass board: physical and chemical methods. This study adoptsthe physical method, and biomass board of certain strength is made with chopping, soaking,grinding, and hot molding. Compared with the existing straw board, the biomass board isadding no chemical adhesives or chemical reagents in the process. So it could save the cost,and the using waste can be degraded completely as fertilizer which is absorbed by soil.Apparently, it will not cause any pollution to the environment, and good for sustainabledevelopment of the environment.In order to further explore the material properties of rice straw biomass board, thetensile test is performed with resulting in the board’s tensile failure stress-deformationcurve. The experimental results show that tensile failure strength range of the biomassboards is4.71MPa to10.45MPa. And also, have carried out the determination of theboards’ moisture contents, the results showed that the change of moisture contents rangingfrom0.01%to0.11%. Generally speaking, there are no direct concerns between the strength of the board and water. Meanwhile, because biomass board is made of straw fiber,which is difficult to grasp the direction distribution in processing, resulting inheterogeneity in biomass board, and cause the different parts of the board have differentmechanical strength. Therefore, still need further research for the uniform distribution offiber in the molding step.Because the rice straw biomass board is made of natural fiber as raw materials, iscould be completed degradation, and no addition of chemical adhesives and chemicalreagents be used in the production process, and has enough mechanical strength. Above all,the biomass board can replace wood products and plastic products in some place, and hasbroad application prospects in the production of plastic film, packaging, and buildinginsulation.