The Establishment Of Casting Method And The Study Of Whole Structure Concerning Arbor Bronchialis With Bronchial Artery In Tibetan Sheep And Tan Sheep

At present, the report concerning the morphological traits of bronchial arteries of animalsand human beings have never been seen. We establish the method of making casting of brochialarterial, study on the casting of bronchial artery and broncho-pulmonary segments in this paper.The results are demonstrated as fellows.1. We establish the method of making bronchial arterial casting of Tibetan sheep and Tansheep by using self-made cannulas and through aortic annulation, and obtain casts of bronchialartery and combined cast of bronchial tree and bronchial artery.2. The morphology of pulmonary bronchial tree and segmental bronchis of Tan sheep andTibetan sheep have been observed. The result indicated that the division of pulmonary lobesandpulmonary segments in these two species are quite similar to each other. The casting ofbronchial tree of Tibetan sheep and Tan sheep are similar except some differences on themorphology of segmental bronchi. The lung of Tan sheep consist of6pulmonary lobes, andtotally22pulmonary segments, each of which is usually composed by one segmental bronchialtrunk. There are totally9segmental bronchi in2pulmonary lobes of pulmo sinister, includinglobus apicalis (apical lobe/lobus parietalis) which is composed of cranial segment bronchiandcaudal segment bronchi, as well as lobus diaphragmaticus (diaphragmatic lobe) which iscomprised of cranial dorsal segment bronchi, middle dorsal segment bronchi, caudal dorsalsegment bronchi, ventral basal segment bronchi, lateral basal segment bronchi, medial basalsegment bronchi and dorsal basal segment bronchi. And there are2more pulmonary lobes inpulmo dexter than those of pulmo sinister, lobus cardiacus (middle lobe) and lobus accessories(accessory lobe), which consist of dorsal segment bronchi andventral segment bronchi separately.The distribution of the segmental bronchi and bronchial tree in Tan sheep andTibetan ovine isconsistent with that of the domestic ovine discovered by Sisson.3. The distribution characteristics of bronchial tree of Tibetan sheep and Tan sheep wasdiscovered for the first time. The bronchial arteries trunk originate from ventral midpoont ofthoracic aortic arch, and parallel to the1st intercostal artery, and The trunk extend its way alongthe dorsal trachea, and branch into sinister anddexter arteriae bronchiales towards the cranialdorsal pulmo at the medial bifurcatio tracheae. The blood supply of apical lobe, cranial segmentbronchi anddiaphragmatic lobe, dorsal segment bronchi bore by sinister bronchial arteries(arteriae bronchiales) stem. The branches of dexter arteriae bronchiales cover the apical lobebronchus to the cranial pulmo, apical lobe bronchus to the lateral dexter pulmo, cranial dorsal segment bronchi andother segmental bronchi. The bronchial artery stretch along the bronchusprincipalis and branch in to2or3main stems in order to supply the blood to segmental bronchiof sinister lobus apicalis and lobus diaphragmaticus as well as dexter lobus cardiacus andlobusdiaphragmaticus. There are usually1or2bronchial artery which is responsible for the bloodsupply of each segmental bronchus and the phenomena of cross-segmental division can benoticed.There are wide anastomosis in bronchial tree of different levels, and each vessel is in a wavecourse in the lung. And the amount and interval of the serpentine vessel lines will vary fiercely atthe turning point where the upper bronchi stretch or spread into the next level. In addition to this,the bronchial artery trunk clinging to the tracheal wall and the secondary small arteries branchedalong the way will form vascular network, which would be around the tracheal wall of all levels.Perforating branches will be divided by branch of bronchial artery at the fringe of lung and onthe surface of lung and guarantee the blood supply of pleura pulmonalis. The bronchial arterydistribute in all over the lung, so there is no vascular dead zone in the lung.