Effects Of Ammonium And Nitrate Nitrogen And Its Combined Application On The Nitrogen Metabolism And Protein Quality Of Different Winter Wheat Varieties

In order to study the effects of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen and its combinedapplication on the nitrogen metabolism and protein quality of winter wheat, threewheat varieties (strong-gluten wheat Zhengmai366, medium-gluten wheat Aikang58and weak-gluten wheat Zhengmai004) were used and five treatments (ie ammonium/nitrate0:100,25:75,50:50,75:25,100:0) were set by a field test from2010to2012. Themain results were as follows:1. At the flowering and maturing stages, the accumulation of nitrogen in eachorgan was: blade> cobs+glume> sheath> stem. Compared with the single nitrogenform processing, the mixed nitrogen forms processing promoted the accumulation ofnitrogen in the leaf, stem, sheath, rachis+glume of the three wheat varieties afterflowering stage, and promoted the transportation of nitrogen from each organ to grainduring mature stage, the best performance was the N3treatment, and the differenceswere significant compared wirh other processings. The processing of the mixednitrogen forms improved the grain protein content, protein yield, and improved thenitrogen harvest index and nitrogen use efficiency. Overall the N3treatment showedthe best.2. The grain protein and protein components content, glutenin aggregates contentand protein yields showed Zhengmai366>Aikang58>Zhengmai004, the differencewas significant between the different wheat varieties. Under the N3treatment the grainprotein content was the highest in the3varieties at the grain filling stage, andsignificantly higher than other treatments. Grain protein components content changeddue to nitrogen ratio and different varieties, N3treatment had a significant role inpromoting on albumin, gliadin and protein content of three wheat varieties, N1processing times, N5handle the worst. During mature period, the glutenin polymercontent of3varieties were highest under the N3treatment, and N4or N5was the lowest.3. The mixed nitrogen forms had some moderating effects on grain qualityindicators. Under the treatment of N3, the formation and stabilization time ofZhengmai366were the highest, under the N3processing the formed time, tensile area,tensile resistance of Aikang58were the highest, the minimum development time andsettling time of Zhengmai004were the lowest under the processing of N5, and itshowed that the preferences of nitrogen forms on the protein quality of different wheatvarieties were different. From the viewpoint of high-quality special uses, the mixednitrogen forms could enhance the specific features of strong gluten wheatb much more.Meeting the specific features, the mixed nitrogen forms could also enhance the high-quality characteristics of the medium wheat, and its rheological properties and tensileproperties were better than single nitrogen form processing. The test results alsoshowed that weak gluten wheat under the treatment of partial ammonium could meetits high-quality features much better, and the N5processing performanced the best.4. The mixed nitrogen forms processing affected thousand kernel weight, but hadno significant effect on the panicles and grain number. Therefore it did not show asignificant yield increase effect on zhengmai366and zhengmai004.