The Effects Of Nitrogen Form On Wheat Yield And Nitrogen Utilization

Field trials were conducted in carbonate drab soil and yellow moist soil ofLuoyang in2009-2010, The experiment involved two aspects: First, effect of NH4+andNO3-on wheat yield and yield components, population dynamics, dry matteraccumulation, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen utilization efficiency; second, effect ofthe soil for nitrogen on wheat yield rate and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The mainresult was as follows:1. Under dry land conditions, the multi-point test showed that the grain yield ofnitrate was increased by13.3%to compared with the control, and compared toammonium nitrogen average (AS、AC), the grain yield of nitrate was increased by4.0%. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the three factors of the yield-formingcomponents was in such an order as follows: spike number>seed weight>seed numberper spike. Compared to the control (without N addition), sodium nitrate increasedspike by27.2%, compared to ammonium nitrogen and the mixture (SN+AS, CN+AS)average, the sodium nitrate increased spike by10.1%,9.6%; Compared to the control,the seed number per spike of nitrate nitrogen increased by7.6%, and compared toammonium nitrogen, the seed number per spike of nitrate nitrogen increased by5.0%.2. The highest dry matter accumulation was obtained by a single application ofnitrate N. The dry matter accumulation of nitrate fertilization was34.3%higher thanthe ammonium N in the over shooting. The dry matter accumulation increased by11.4%in the harvesting period. The dry matter accumulation of nitrate N was19.7%higher than the ammonium N in the whole growth period. In the case of extension of13days of sowing, The dry matter accumulation of nitrate N was33.3%higher thanthe ammonium N.3. The multi-point test showed that the nitrogen uptake efficiency of nitrate Nincreased by6.2%. To compared with the ammonium N, and the nitrogen fertilizerpartial productivity of nitrate N increased by11.5%, the nitrogen utilization efficiency of nitrate N increased by24.4%, and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency nitrate Nincreased by1.5kg/kg.4. The soil ammonium nitrogen content of the seven test plots were less, but thenitrate N content were more. In the1m deep soil ammonium nitrogen accumulation ofthe seven test plots average is23kg/ha, but the soil nitrate N content of the seven testplots average is110kg/ha. There was negative extremely significant correlationbetween the yield increase rates of wheat with application of nitrate N and theaccumulation of nitrate N seriously influenced of nitrogen fertilizer efficiency.5. The ammonium nitrification was closely related to sowing date and theapplication of nitrogen fertilizer time. In the early application of ammonium N, the soilnitrate peak appeared after5days. In the case of extension of application ofammonium N, the soil nitrate peak appeared after35days. Whether the application ofammonium N in the appropriate or extension period, the soil nitrate levels were lowerthan the applied nitrate N. The soil pH of without N addition is higher than theammonium N, while the soil pH of applied nitrate is also higher than the ammonium N.